Nazhifah, Salsa Firda (2026) Pengaruh PbCl2 sebagai aditif dalam material perovskit anorganik CsPbI3 terhadap sifat dan optoelektroniknya. Other thesis, Institut teknologi sepuluh nopember.
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Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan PbCl₂ sebagai aditif dalam material perovskit anorganik CsPbI₃ terhadap struktur dan sifat optoelektroniknya yang disintesis pada udara bebas melalui metode drop casting. Variasi konsentrasi PbCl₂ yang digunakan adalah 0%, 5%, 10%, dan 15% terhadap mol PbI₂. Berdasarkan konsentrasi PbCl₂ yang ditambahkan, sampel dinamai dengan CPI-0, CPI-5, CPI-10, dan CPI-15. Hasil pengamatan visual menunjukkan bahwa penambahan PbCl₂ mampu mempertahankan warna gelap film lebih lama dibandingkan sampel tanpa aditif yang mengalami perubahan warna menjadi kuning pucat selama penyimpanan. Hasil karakterisasi X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) menunjukkan bahwa seluruh sampel didominasi oleh fasa δ-CsPbI₃ pada tahap awal. Penambahan PbCl₂ mampu mempertahankan keberadaan fasa γ-CsPbI₃ yang bersifat fotoaktif di mana pada sampel CPI-10 fraksi fasa γ sebesar 13% masih bertahan hingga hari ke-2 penyimpanan. Sebaliknya, pada sampel CPI-15 fraksi fasa γ menurun dari 19% menjadi 9% dan diikuti peningkatan fasa pengotor hingga 46%, yang menunjukkan terjadinya degradasi struktur yang lebih cepat. Analisis spektrum absorbansi memperlihatkan bahwa sampel CPI-10 memiliki kestabilan optik terbaik dengan perubahan absorbansi yang relatif kecil selama empat hari penyimpanan, sedangkan sampel tanpa aditif mengalami penurunan absorbansi sebesar 21,6%. Analisis energi celah pita menunjukkan bahwa nilai sampel CPI-10 hanya mengalami peningkatan energi dalam rentang 4 hari dari 2,16 eV menjadi 2,18 eV, sedangkan sampel CPI-0, CPI-5, dan CPI-15 masing-masing mengalami peningkatan sebesar 0,03 eV, 0,06 eV, dan 0,06 eV. Hasil pengamatan SEM menunjukkan bahwa sampel CPI-10 memiliki morfologi berbentuk jarum dengan diameter rata-rata 274,84 nm, sedangkan pada sampel CPI-15 terbentuk struktur berbentuk kepingan dengan diameter rata-rata 206,23 nm. Dari hasil karakterisasi, penambahan PbCl₂ sebesar 10% merupakan konsentrasi optimum untuk mempertahankan kestabilan struktur dan sifat optoelektronik film tipis CsPbI₃ selama penyimpanan di udara bebas.
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This study aims to investigate the effect of PbCl₂ addition as an additive in inorganic CsPbI₃ perovskite material on its structural and optoelectronic properties synthesized under ambient air using the drop-casting method. The PbCl₂ concentration variations used were 0%, 5%, 10%, and 15% relative to the molar amount of PbI₂. Based on the PbCl₂ concentration added, the samples were designated as CPI-0, CPI-5, CPI-10, and CPI-15. Visual observations showed that the addition of PbCl₂ was able to preserve the dark color of the films for a longer period compared to the additive-free sample, which changed to a pale yellow color during storage. The X-ray Diffraction (XRD) characterization results showed that all samples were initially dominated by the δ-CsPbI₃ phase. The addition of PbCl₂ was able to maintain the presence of the photoactive γ-CsPbI₃ phase, in which the γ-phase fraction in the CPI-10 sample remained at 13% after two days of storage. In contrast, in the CPI-15 sample, the γ-phase fraction decreased from 19% to 9%, accompanied by an increase in the impurity phase to 46%, indicating more rapid structural degradation. The absorbance spectrum analysis revealed that the CPI-10 sample exhibited the best optical stability, with relatively small changes in absorbance over four days of storage, whereas the additive-free sample showed a 21.6% decrease in absorbance. The band gap energy analysis showed that the CPI-10 sample exhibited only a slight increase in band gap energy over four days, from 2.16 eV to 2.18 eV, whereas the CPI-0, CPI-5, and CPI-15 samples showed increases of 0.03 eV, 0.06 eV, and 0.06 eV, respectively. SEM observations showed that the CPI-10 sample exhibited a needle-like morphology with an average diameter of 274.84 nm, whereas the CPI-15 sample formed a platelet-like structure with an average diameter of 206.23 nm. Based on the characterization results, the addition of 10% PbCl₂ was identified as the optimum concentration for maintaining the structural stability and optoelectronic properties of CsPbI₃ thin films during storage under ambient air.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Other) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | CsPbI₃ ,degradasi, energi celah pita, kestabilan fasa, CsPbI₃ , band gap energi, degradation, phase stability |
| Subjects: | Q Science Q Science > QC Physics Q Science > QC Physics > QC451 Spectroscopy Q Science > QD Chemistry > QD117 Absorption |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Science and Data Analytics (SCIENTICS) > Physics > 45201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Salsa Firda Nazhifah |
| Date Deposited: | 28 Jul 2026 07:12 |
| Last Modified: | 28 Jul 2026 07:12 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/136424 |
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