Studi Eksperimen Pengaruh Durasi Injeksi Bahan Bakar terhadap Peforma dan Emisi Gas Buang Engine 4 Langkah 1 Silinder 110 cc Bahan Bakar Etanol E100

Syah, Saputra Ardyan (2026) Studi Eksperimen Pengaruh Durasi Injeksi Bahan Bakar terhadap Peforma dan Emisi Gas Buang Engine 4 Langkah 1 Silinder 110 cc Bahan Bakar Etanol E100. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

Text 2039221013-Undergraduate_Thesis.pdf - Accepted Version Restricted to Repository staff only Download (9MB) | Request a copy

Abstract

Energi fosil, khususnya minyak bumi, masih menjadi sumber energi utama pada sektor transportasi meskipun ketersediaannya semakin terbatas dan tidak dapat diperbarui. Pada semester I tahun 2023, porsi minyak bumi dalam bauran energi nasional Indonesia mencapai 31,50%, sedangkan energi baru terbarukan hanya sebesar 12,54% (Dewan Energi Nasional, 2023). Kondisi ini mendorong pengembangan bahan bakar alternatif yang lebih ramah lingkungan, salah satunya bioetanol. Namun, nilai kalor bioetanol yang lebih rendah dibandingkan bensin memerlukan penyesuaian pada sistem injeksi bahan bakar, terutama durasi injeksi, agar kinerja mesin tetap optimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan menentukan durasi injeksi optimum pada penggunaan bioetanol E100 terhadap unjuk kerja mesin dan emisi gas buang. Pengujian dilakukan pada sepeda motor 4 langkah, 1 silinder, 110 cc fuel injection menggunakan metode ECU remapping dengan variasi kenaikan durasi injeksi sebesar +25%, +50%, +75%, dan +100% dari nilai mapping awal 4579 pada putaran 2000 rpm dan bukaan throttle position sensor (TPS) 0. Parameter yang dianalisis meliputi daya, torsi, Brake Mean Effective Pressure (BMEP), Brake Specific Fuel Consumption (BSFC), efisiensi termal, dan emisi gas buang melalui pengujian variable speed dan gas analyzer. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kenaikan durasi injeksi sebesar +75% menghasilkan daya maksimum sebesar 10,064 HP, torsi maksimum sebesar 7,969 Nm, dan BMEP maksimum sebesar 927,359 kPa pada putaran 9000 rpm. Sementara itu, variasi +50% memberikan BSFC terendah sebesar 0,000276 kg/W·h dan efisiensi termal tertinggi sebesar 47,803% pada putaran 6000 rpm. Berdasarkan analisis kondisi operasional kendaraan, variasi +75% merupakan kondisi optimum pada skenario stop and go dengan torsi sebesar 1,398 Nm dan efisiensi termal sebesar 8,329% pada putaran 2000 rpm. Pada kondisi cruising speed, variasi +50% menghasilkan BSFC terendah sebesar 0,000172 kg/W·h dan efisiensi termal tertinggi sebesar 47,803% pada putaran 6000 rpm, sedangkan pada kondisi akselerasi atau manuver menyalip, variasi +75% memberikan performa terbaik. Seluruh variasi memenuhi baku mutu emisi HC dan CO, dengan emisi terendah diperoleh pada variasi +25%, yaitu CO sebesar 0,06%, HC sebesar 39 ppm, CO₂ sebesar 11,6%, dan O₂ sebesar 6,95%.
=====================================================================================================================================
Fossil fuels, particularly petroleum, remain the primary energy source in the transportation sector, despite their finite and nonrenewable nature. In the first half of 2023, petroleum accounted for 31.50% of Indonesia's national energy mix, whereas new and renewable energy constituted only 12.54% (National Energy Council, 2023). This situation drives the development of more environmentally friendly alternative fuels, such as bioethanol. However, because bioethanol has a lower calorific value than gasoline, adjustments to the fuel injection system specifically the injection duration are required to maintain optimal engine performance. This study aims to determine the optimum injection duration for E100 bioethanol regarding engine performance and exhaust emissions. Testing was conducted on a 110 cc, single cylinder, 4-stroke fuel injected motorcycle using an ECU remapping method, with injection duration increases of +25%, +50%, +75%, and +100% relative to the baseline map value of 4579 (at 2000 rpm and 0% throttle position sensor/TPS opening). The parameters analyzed included power, torque, Brake Mean Effective Pressure (BMEP), Brake Specific Fuel Consumption (BSFC), thermal efficiency, and exhaust emissions, assessed via variable speed testing and gas analysis. The results indicate that a +75% increase in injection duration yielded a maximum power of 10.064 HP, a maximum torque of 7.969 Nm, and a maximum BMEP of 927.359 kPa at 9000 rpm. Meanwhile, the +50% variation resulted in the lowest BSFC (0.000276 kg/W·h) and the highest thermal efficiency (47.803%) at 6000 rpm. Based on an analysis of vehicle operating conditions, the +75% variation represents the optimum setting for stop and go scenarios, yielding a torque of 1.398 Nm and a thermal efficiency of 8.329% at 2000 rpm. Under cruising speed conditions, the +50% variation achieved the lowest BSFC (0.000172 kg/W·h) and the highest thermal efficiency (47.803%) at 6000 rpm, whereas the +75% variation delivered the best performance during acceleration or overtaking maneuvers. All variations met HC and CO emission standards, with the lowest emissions observed in the +25% variation: 0.06% CO, 39 ppm HC, 11.6% CO₂, and 6.95% O₂.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Durasi Injeksi, Etanol E100, EFI, Peforma Mesin, Emisi Gas Buang, Injection Duration, E100 Ethanol, EFI, Engine Performance, Exhaust Emissions.
Subjects:	T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ324.5 Fuel systems T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ785 Internal combustion engines. Spark ignition
Divisions:	Faculty of Vocational > Mechanical Industrial Engineering (D4)
Depositing User:	Saputra Ardyan Syah
Date Deposited:	23 Jul 2026 06:26
Last Modified:	23 Jul 2026 06:26
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/136469

Actions (login required)

View Item