Yaza, Muhammad Bama (2026) Studi Eksperimen Pengaruh Variasi Campuran Bahan Bakar Biodiesel (B40, B70 Dan B100) Dibandingkan Dengan Pertamina Dex Terhadap Kinerja Dan EmisiI Gas Buang Pada Mesin Diesel 4 Tak 4 Silinder 4JA1-L. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Pemanasan global merupakan fenomena lingkungan serius yang dipicu oleh emisi gas buang kendaraan bermotor. Pemanfaatan limbah minyak jelantah melalui konversi menjadi biodiesel hadir sebagai solusi energi alternatif terbarukan untuk menggantikan bahan bakar solar fosil. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis secara eksperimen pengaruh variasi campuran bahan bakar biodiesel (B40, B70, dan B100) dibandingkan dengan Pertamina Dex terhadap parameter kinerja mesin dan emisi gas buang pada mesin diesel 4 tak 4 silinder model 4JA1-L. Metode penelitian yang diterapkan adalah studi eksperimen menggunakan chassis dynamometer dengan prosedur variable speed test pada rentang 1600 RPM hingga 4000 RPM/redline dalam kondisi Wide Open Throttle (WOT). Objek penelitian adalah mesin diesel berkapasitas 2500 cc yang dilengkapi sistem direct injection dan turbocharger. Parameter kinerja yang diukur meliputi torsi, daya, Brake Specific Fuel Consumption (BSFC), BMEP, dan efisiensi thermal. Pengujian tingkat kepekatan asap (opasitas) juga dilakukan menggunakan opacity smoke meter. Biodiesel diproduksi melalui proses transesterifikasi untuk menurunkan viskositas minyak jelantah agar memenuhi standar operasional mesin diesel. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa sifat fisikokimia B100 memiliki viskositas dan densitas yang lebih tinggi dari standar biodiesel yang diterapkan di Indonesia. Selain itu, angka cetane setiap biodiesel berada di bawah standar 51 CN. Pada pengujian performa pada putaran 2400 RPM terdapat penurunan torsi, daya, dan BMEP signifikan sebesar 12.31%, 11.78%, 14.07% untuk B100 terhadap Dex. Kenaikan nilai BSFC B100 terhadap Pertamina Dex sebesar 19.75% dan efisiensi termal turun sebesar 23.81%. Penurunan signifikan pada opasitas gas buang B100 terhadap Pertamina Dex sebesar 39.7%.
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Global warming is a serious environmental phenomenon triggered by motor vehicle exhaust emissions. The utilization of waste cooking oil through conversion into biodiesel serves as a renewable alternative energy solution to replace fossil diesel fuel. This research aims to experimentally analyze the effect of biodiesel fuel blend variations (B40, B70, and B100) compared to Pertamina Dex on engine performance parameters and exhaust emissions in a 4-stroke 4-cylinder model 4JA1-L diesel engine. The applied research method is an experimental study using a chassis dynamometer with a variable speed test procedure ranging from idle RPM to 4000 RPM/redline under Wide Open Throttle (WOT) conditions. The research object is a 2500 cc diesel engine equipped with a direct injection system and a turbocharger. Performance parameters measured include torque, power, Brake Specific Fuel Consumption (BSFC), BMEP, and thermal efficiency. Exhaust gas opacity testing is also conducted using an opacity smoke meter. Biodiesel is produced via a transesterification process to reduce the viscosity of waste cooking oil to meet diesel engine operational standards. The research results show that the physicochemical properties of B100 have higher viscosity and density than the biodiesel standards applied in Indonesia. In addition, the cetane number of each biodiesel is below the standard of 51 CN. In performance testing at 2400 RPM, there was a significant decrease in torque, power, and BMEP of 12.31%, 11.78%, and 14.07%, respectively, for B100 compared to Pertamina Dex. The BSFC value for B100 increased by 19.75% compared to Pertamina Dex, and thermal efficiency decreased by 23.81%. There was a significant decrease in exhaust gas opacity for B100 compared to Pertamina Dex, amounting to 39.7%.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Other) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | 4JA1-L, Biodiesel, Diesel Engine, Engine Performance, Opacity, Waste Cooking Oil. |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ797 Diesel motor--Fuel systems--Testing. T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ808 Renewable energy sources. Energy harvesting. |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Vocational > Mechanical Industrial Engineering (D4) |
| Depositing User: | Muhammad Bama Yaza |
| Date Deposited: | 24 Jul 2026 03:15 |
| Last Modified: | 24 Jul 2026 03:16 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/136738 |
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