Peningkatan Kualitas Aerobic Digested Industrial Sludge Dalam Pemanfaatannya Sebagai Pupuk Organik Untuk Tanaman Produktif

Dewi, Mayastuti Parisya (2026) Peningkatan Kualitas Aerobic Digested Industrial Sludge Dalam Pemanfaatannya Sebagai Pupuk Organik Untuk Tanaman Produktif. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Industri makanan dan minuman di Indonesia berkembang pesat dan menghasilkan limbah cair dalam volume besar, yang menyisakan produk sampingan berupa lumpur hasil pengolahan biologis (aerobic digested industrial sludge). Meskipun lumpur IPAL ini kaya akan bahan organik dan unsur hara, kualitas pengomposan konvensional sering kali belum memenuhi spesifikasi mutu komersial. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji potensi pemanfaatan lumpur IPAL industri makanan yang telah dikomposkan sebagai pupuk organik padat pada tanaman produktif, serta menentukan dosis optimum kombinasi kasgot dan kitin BSF berdasarkan analisis respon fisik tanaman indikator kangkung darat (Ipomoea reptans). Metode penelitian dilakukan dalam skala laboratorium dengan menguji karakteristik media tanam mengacu pada SNI 7763:2024. Variabel bebas yang digunakan meliputi variasi dosis kasgot (50, 100, 150 g) serta dosis kitin hasil ekstraksi selongsong (exuviae) pupa maggot BSF (2 g dan 4 g). Ekstraksi kitin dilakukan secara kimiawi melalui tahapan demineralisasi menggunakan asam format (HCOOH), deproteinasi menggunakan natrium hidroksida (NaOH), dan depigmentasi menggunakan hidrogen peroksida (H2O2). Respon pertumbuhan vegetatif kangkung diamati selama 30 hari setelah pindah tanam dengan parameter panjang tanaman, jumlah daun, diameter batang, berat basah, dan berat kering tanaman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan kasgot meningkatkan kandungan hara sesuai standar SNI, namun dosis tinggi (>150 g) memicu kematian tanaman akibat akumulasi gas amonia (NH3) toksik dan rendahnya porositas media. Pada penyesuaian dosis tanaman, pertumbuhan vegetatif terbaik dicapai oleh perlakuan K0E1 (0 g kasgot + 2 g kitin) yang menghasilkan panjang tanaman 94,3 cm, jumlah daun 20 helai, dan diameter batang 5,65 mm. Perlakuan K0E1 juga menghasilkan berat basah tertinggi sebesar 15,48 g dan berat kering sebesar 1,53 g. Hasil analisis ANOVA menunjukkan bahwa variasi perlakuan berpengaruh signifikan nyata (p-value < 0,05) terhadap berat basah dan berat kering tanaman. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa kitin dosis rendah efektif berperan sebagai biostimulan, dan pemanfaatan lumpur IPAL yang dikombinasikan dengan produk biokonversi BSF berpotensi menjadi solusi pengelolaan limbah industri yang berkelanjutan.
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The food and beverage industry in Indonesia is growing rapidly and generating a large volume of wastewater, leaving behind a byproduct in the form of biologically treated sludge (aerobic digested industrial sludge). Although this WWTP sludge is rich in organic matter and nutrients, conventional composting methods often fail to meet commercial organic fertilizer quality standards. Therefore, this study aims to examine the potential utilization of composted food industry WWTP sludge as a solid organic fertilizer for productive plants and to determine the optimum dosage of the black soldier fly (BSF) frass and chitin combination based on the physical response analysis of land spinach (Ipomoea reptans) as an indicator plant. The research method was conducted on a laboratory scale by testing the growing medium characteristics referring to SNI 7763:2024. The independent variables used included variations in frass dosage (50, 100, and 150 g) and chitin dosage extracted from BSF pupae exuviae (2 g and 4 g). Chitin extraction from the exuviae was carried out chemically through three main technical stages: demineralization using formic acid (HCOOH), deproteinization using sodium hydroxide (NaOH), and depigmentation using hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). The vegetative growth response of land spinach was observed for 30 days after transplanting, measuring parameters such as plant length, number of leaves, stem diameter, fresh weight, and plant dry weight. The results showed that the addition of frass enhanced the nutrient content in compliance with the SNI standards. However, high dosages (>150 gs) triggered plant death due to toxic ammonia (NH3) gas accumulation and low media porosity. In the adjusted plant dosage, the finest vegetative growth was achieved by the K0E1 treatment (0 g frass + 2 g chitin), which yielded a plant length of 94,3 cm, 20 leaves, and a stem diameter of 5,65 mm. The K0E1 treatment also generated the highest fresh weight at 15,48 gs and dry weight at 1,53 g. ANOVA analysis results demonstrated that the treatment variations exerted a statistically significant effect (p-value < 0.05) on both the plant fresh weight and dry weight. It can be concluded that low-dose chitin effectively acts as a biostimulant, and utilizing WWTP sludge combined with BSF bioconversion products holds potential as a sustainable industrial waste management solution.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	ANOVA, kangkung darat, kasgot BSF, kitin, kompos lumpur IPAL ANOVA, BSF frass, chitin, land spinach, WWTP sludge compost
Subjects:	T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD767.7 Sewage sludge treatment and disposal
Divisions:	Faculty of Civil, Planning, and Geo Engineering (CIVPLAN) > Environmental Engineering > 25201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Mayastuti Parisya Dewi
Date Deposited:	23 Jul 2026 07:08
Last Modified:	23 Jul 2026 07:08
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/136741

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