Analisis Pengaruh Variasi Waktu Dan Temperatur Terhadap Efektivitas Fiksasi Sulfur Pada Proses Sulfidasi Kalsin Menggunakan Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD)

Prasistyanto, Bayu (2026) Analisis Pengaruh Variasi Waktu Dan Temperatur Terhadap Efektivitas Fiksasi Sulfur Pada Proses Sulfidasi Kalsin Menggunakan Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Proses sulfidasi kalsin merupakan tahap penting dalam pengolahan nikel laterit karena berperan dalam membentuk fasa sulfida logam, terutama NiS dan FeS, sehingga dapat meningkatkan efektivitas pembentukan nikel matte. Namun, fiksasi sulfur pada kondisi aktual masih belum optimal karena sebagian sulfur berpotensi tidak bereaksi dan lepas sebagai emisi sulfur oksida. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh variasi temperatur dan waktu terhadap efektivitas fiksasi sulfur pada proses sulfidasi kalsin menggunakan metode Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) melalui perangkat lunak COMSOL Multiphysics. Model simulasi menggunakan pendekatan time-dependent pada reaktor packed bed dengan variasi temperatur 933 K, 953 K, dan 973 K serta variasi waktu 5 s, 10 s, dan 15 s. Validasi model dilakukan dengan membandingkan hasil simulasi terhadap data eksperimen berdasarkan massa sulfur terfiksasi. Hasil validasi menunjukkan rata-rata error sebesar 9,42%, sehingga model dinilai mampu merepresentasikan kecenderungan distribusi sulfur dalam reaktor. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan temperatur mendorong konsumsi S₂ dan meningkatkan pembentukan produk sulfidasi. Pembentukan NiS meningkat secara konsisten terhadap kenaikan temperatur dan waktu, sedangkan FeS terbentuk dominan pada waktu awal reaksi. Berdasarkan total massa sulfur terfiksasi, kondisi terbaik diperoleh pada temperatur 973 K selama 5 s dengan massa sulfur total sebesar 16,056 g. Namun, berdasarkan pembentukan NiS, kondisi terbaik diperoleh pada temperatur 973 K selama 15 s. Reaksi sulfidasi paling dominan terjadi pada zona bawah calcine bed, khususnya pada ketinggian 0–6 inch dari inlet.
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In Sulfidation calcination is an important process in the processing of laterite nickel because it plays a role in forming the sulfide phase, especially NiS and FeS, which increases the effectiveness of forming nickel matte. However, sulfur fixation in actual conditions is still not optimal because some sulfur has the potential to not react and escape as sulfur oxide emissions. This study aims to analyze the influence of temperature and time variations on the effectiveness of sulfur fixation in the calcination sulfidation process using the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) method with COMSOL Multiphysics software. The simulation model used a time-dependent approach in a packed bed reactor with temperature variations of 933 K, 953 K, and 973 K, as well as time variations of 5 s, 10 s, and 15 s. Model validation was performed by comparing the simulation results with experimental data based on the mass of fixed sulfur. The results of the validation showed an average error of 9.42%, indicating that the model can accurately represent the sulfur distribution trend in the reactor. The simulation results showed that increasing the temperature promotes S₂ consumption and increases the formation of sulfide products. The formation of NiS increased consistently with temperature and time, while FeS formed predominantly at the beginning of the reaction. Based on the total mass of sulfur fixed, the best conditions were obtained at 973 K for 5 seconds with a total sulfur mass of 16.056 g. However, based on NiS formation, the best conditions were obtained at 973 K for 15 seconds. The sulfidation reaction was most dominant in the lower calcine bed, particularly at heights of 0–6 inches from the inlet. Keywords: sulfidation calcination, sulfur fixation, NiS, FeS, CFD, COMSOL Multiphysics.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Sulfidasi kalsin, Fiksasi sulfur, NiS, FeS, CFD, COMSOL Multiphysics calcine sulfidation, sulfur fixation, NiS, FeS, CFD, COMSOL Multiphysics
Subjects:	Q Science
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology > Material & Metallurgical Engineering > 28201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Bayu Prasistyanto
Date Deposited:	24 Jul 2026 03:00
Last Modified:	24 Jul 2026 03:00
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/136793

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