Akhdaan, Muhammad Rafiif (2026) Pemodelan Hidrodinamika dan Transpor Sedimen untuk Optimasi Penempatan Bangunan Pelindung Pantai guna Mengurangi Sedimentasi di Kawasan Pelabuhan (Studi Kasus: Pelabuhan Pulau Baai). Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Pelabuhan Pulau Baai di Kota Bengkulu merupakan infrastruktur strategis yang menopang distribusi komoditas ekspor dan kebutuhan dasar masyarakat Bengkulu, namun menghadapi permasalahan sedimentasi signifikan di kawasan kolam dan alur pelayarannya akibat interaksi arus pasang surut, gelombang Samudra Hindia, dan karakteristik morfologi pesisir setempat. Sejak tahun 2018, pendangkalan menyebabkan kedalaman kolam berkurang dari 7-11,5 meter menjadi sekitar 1,5 meter sehingga volume ekspor batu bara turun dari 10 juta ton menjadi sekitar 3 juta ton per tahun. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis karakteristik hidrodinamika serta mengevaluasi efektivitas penempatan bangunan pelindung pantai melalui pemodelan numerik Delft3D guna memitigasi laju pendangkalan di alur masuk Pelabuhan Pulau Baai. Simulasi dilakukan selama periode Januari 2024 hingga April 2025 menggunakan data batimetri BATNAS, data angin dan gelombang ERA5 ECMWF, serta data pasang surut BIG sebagai acuan validasi model dengan parameter sedimen non-kohesif D50 = 0,125 mm. Validasi model menggunakan metode Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) menghasilkan nilai sebesar 0,043 m yang tergolong kategori kesalahan kecil berdasarkan klasifikasi Putra dan Pratomo (2019), sehingga model dinyatakan valid untuk simulasi lebih lanjut. Hasil simulasi kondisi eksisting menunjukkan bahwa pola arus bolak-balik (reversing current) yang digerakkan oleh siklus pasang surut menjadi mekanisme utama masuknya material sedimen ke alur pelabuhan, dengan ketebalan sedimen meningkat progresif hingga mencapai 1,468 m pada akhir periode simulasi, dengan lonjakan terbesar pada musim hujan November-Desember 2024 yang menyumbang sekitar 74,7% dari total akumulasi tahunan. Penerapan bangunan pelindung pantai pada Skema mampu mereduksi akumulasi sedimen sebesar 99,97% dengan ketebalan sedimen akhir berkurang menjadi 0,0005 m, sehingga berpotensi menghilangkan hampir seluruh kebutuhan pengerukan rutin dan mendukung keberlanjutan operasional Pelabuhan Pulau Baai sebagai pusat logistik regional.
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Pulau Baai Port in Bengkulu City is a strategic infrastructure that supports the distribution of export commodities and basic necessities for the people of Bengkulu, yet it faces significant sedimentation problems in its harbor basin and navigation channel due to the interaction of tidal currents, Indian Ocean waves, and local coastal morphological characteristics. Since 2018, siltation has reduced the basin depth from 7-11.5 meters to approximately 1.5 meters, causing coal export volume to decline from 10 million tons to approximately 3 million tons per year. This study aims to analyze the hydrodynamic characteristics and evaluate the effectiveness of coastal protection structure placement through Delft3D numerical modeling to mitigate the rate of siltation in the entrance channel of Port Pulau Baai. The simulation was conducted over the period from January 2024 to April 2025 using BATNAS bathymetric data, ERA5 ECMWF wind and wave data, and BIG tidal data as validation references, with a non-cohesive sediment parameter of D50 = 0.125 mm. Model validation using the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) method yielded a value of 0.043 m, which is classified as a small error category based on the classification by Putra and Pratomo (2019), thereby confirming the model's validity for further simulation. The simulation results under existing conditions indicate that the reversing current pattern driven by the tidal cycle is the primary mechanism for sediment material entering the port channel, with sediment thickness increasing progressively to reach 1.468 m by the end of the simulation period, with the largest surge occurring during the November-December 2024 rainy season, which contributed approximately 74.7% of the total annual accumulation. The implementation of the coastal protection structure under Scheme 1 was able to reduce sediment accumulation by 99.97%, with the final sediment thickness decreasing to 0.0005 m, thereby potentially eliminating nearly all routine dredging requirements and supporting the sustainable operation of Port Pulau Baai as a regional logistics hub.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Other) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Bangunan Pelindung Pantai, Pemodelan Hidrodinamika, Sedimentasi, Transpor sedimen Coastal Protection Structure, Hydrodynamic Modeling, Sedimentation, Sediment Transport |
| Subjects: | Q Science Q Science > QA Mathematics Q Science > QA Mathematics > QA911 Fluid dynamics. Hydrodynamics T Technology > TC Hydraulic engineering. Ocean engineering T Technology > TC Hydraulic engineering. Ocean engineering > TC175.2 Sediment transport T Technology > TC Hydraulic engineering. Ocean engineering > TC333 Breakwaters |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Civil, Planning, and Geo Engineering (CIVPLAN) > Geomatics Engineering > 29202-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Muhammad Rafiif Akhdaan |
| Date Deposited: | 24 Jul 2026 03:07 |
| Last Modified: | 24 Jul 2026 03:07 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/136796 |
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