Analisis Carbon Footprint dari Biokonversi Food Loss and Waste Perkotaan Menjadi Pakan Ternak di Kecamatan Gubeng Kota Surabaya

Ludiana, Diva Mirza (2026) Analisis Carbon Footprint dari Biokonversi Food Loss and Waste Perkotaan Menjadi Pakan Ternak di Kecamatan Gubeng Kota Surabaya. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Peningkatan emisi gas rumah kaca (GRK) dari sektor persampahan, khususnya yang berasal dari food loss dan food waste (FLW), menjadi isu penting dalam upaya mitigasi perubahan iklim di wilayah perkotaan. FLW yang tidak dikelola dengan baik berpotensi menghasilkan emisi CH4 dan CO2 dalam jumlah signifikan, terutama melalui pembuangan akhir di TPA. Salah satu alternatif pengelolaan yang dapat diterapkan untuk mengurangi emisi tersebut adalah biokonversi FLW menjadi pakan ternak menggunakan larva BSF. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengestimasi emisi GRK dari pengelolaan FLW eksisting, mengestimasi potensi reduksinya melalui biokonversi menjadi pakan ternak, memetakan carbon footprint dari aktivitas pengelolaan FLW, serta menganalisis biaya implementasinya di Kecamatan Gubeng, Kota Surabaya.
Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif berbasis inventarisasi emisi GRK skala lapangan. Data timbulan dan karakteristik FLW diperoleh melalui sampling langsung pada rumah tangga, pasar, dan satuan pelayanan pemenuhan gizi (SPPG). Perhitungan emisi dilakukan menggunakan pendekatan literature-based emission factor yang mengacu pada pedoman Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). Skenario biokonversi FLW menjadi pakan ternak dimodelkan melalui biokonversi menggunakan larva Black Soldier Fly (BSF) berdasarkan nilai faktor emisi dari studi terdahulu. Selanjutnya, pemetaan carbon footprint dilakukan secara spasial untuk menggambarkan distribusi emisi GRK di wilayah penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan total emisi GRK eksisting sebesar 14.983,18 ton CO2e/tahun, dengan kontribusi terbesar dari penimbunan di TPA. Penerapan skenario biokonversi FLW menggunakan larva BSF pada kondisi optimal mampu menurunkan emisi menjadi 2.536,09 ton CO2e/tahun, sehingga berpotensi mereduksi emisi sebesar 12.447,08 ton CO₂e/tahun atau sekitar 83,1%. Pada skenario realistis yang dibatasi kapasitas fasilitas BSF eksisting, total emisi sebesar 14.368,36 ton CO2e/tahun atau berkurang 614,82 ton CO2e/tahun (4,1%). Analisis biaya menunjukkan bahwa skenario optimal dengan kapasitas pengolahan 31.815,52 kg/hari memerlukan biaya investasi sebesar Rp38.368.372.442 dan biaya operasional sebesar Rp 3.497.955.441 per tahun, sedangkan skenario realistis dengan kapasitas pengolahan 3.114,24 kg/hari memerlukan biaya investasi sebesar Rp3.755.666.141 dan biaya operasional sebesar Rp 905.356.982 per tahun. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa biokonversi BSF berpotensi menjadi alternatif pengelolaan FLW yang efektif dalam mengurangi emisi GRK di Kecamatan Gubeng.
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The increase in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from the waste sector, particularly those resulting from food loss and food waste (FLW), has become a critical issue in climate change mitigation efforts in urban areas. Improperly managed FLW has the potential to generate significant amounts of CH₄ and CO₂ emissions, primarily through final disposal at landfills. One alternative management approach that can be implemented to reduce these emissions is the bioconversion of FLW into livestock feed using black soldier fly (BSF) larvae. This study aims to estimate GHG emissions from existing FLW management practices, estimate the potential for emission reductions through bioconversion into livestock feed, map the carbon footprint of FLW management activities, and analyze the implementation costs in Gubeng Subdistrict, Surabaya. This study employs a quantitative approach based on a field-scale inventory of GHG emissions. Data on food waste generation and characteristics were obtained through direct sampling at households, markets, and nutrition service units (SPPG). Emissions were calculated using a literature-based emission factor approach in accordance with the guidelines of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). The scenario of converting FLW into animal feed was modeled using Black Soldier Fly (BSF) larvae, based on emission factor values from previous studies. Subsequently, a spatial carbon footprint map was created to illustrate the distribution of GHG emissions in the study area. The research results show that total existing GHG emissions amount to 14.983,18 ton CO2e/year, with the largest contribution coming from waste disposal at landfills. Implementing the FLW bioconversion scenario using BSF larvae under optimal conditions can reduce emissions to 2.536,09 ton CO2e/year, thereby potentially reducing emissions by 12.447,08 ton CO₂e/year, or approximately 83.1%. In a realistic scenario limited by the capacity of existing BSF facilities, total emissions amount to 14.368,36 ton CO2e/year, representing a reduction of 614,82 ton CO2e/year (4.1%). A cost analysis shows that the optimal scenario with a processing capacity of 31,815.52 kg/day requires an investment cost of Rp38,368,372,442 and an annual operating cost of Rp3.497.955.441 , while the realistic scenario with a processing capacity of 3,114.24 kg/day requires an investment cost of Rp3,755,666,141 and operating costs of Rp 905.356.982 per year. The research results indicate that BSF bioconversion has the potential to be an effective alternative for FLW management in reducing GHG emissions in Gubeng Subdistrict.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Carbon Footprint, Emisi Gas Rumah Kaca (GRK), Food Loss and Waste (FLW), Pakan Ternak Animal Feed, Carbon Footprint, Food Loss and Waste (FLW), Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Emissions
Subjects:	T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD171.75 Climate change mitigation
Divisions:	Faculty of Civil, Planning, and Geo Engineering (CIVPLAN) > Environmental Engineering > 25201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Diva Mirza Ludiana
Date Deposited:	30 Jul 2026 08:51
Last Modified:	30 Jul 2026 08:51
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/136810

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