Amaliah, Fhadilah (2026) Regenerasi Katoda LiNi₁/₃Co₁/₃Al₁/₃O₂ dengan Kalsinasi pada Atmosfer O₂ menggunakan Metode Direct Recycling berbasis Deep Eutectic Solvents (DESs) terhadap Kinerja Elektrokimia pada Baterai Li-Ion. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
![[thumbnail of 5001221058-Undergraduate_Thesis.pdf]](http://repository.its.ac.id/style/images/fileicons/text.png) |
Text
5001221058-Undergraduate_Thesis.pdf Restricted to Repository staff only Download (3MB) | Request a copy |
Abstract
Peningkatan penggunaan baterai litium-ion menghasilkan limbah baterai bekas yang berpotensi mencemari lingkungan, sehingga diperlukan metode daur ulang yang efektif untuk memulihkan material katoda. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh metode Direct Recycling menggunakan Deep Eutectic Solvents (DESs) yang dikombinasikan dengan kalsinasi dalam atmosfer O₂ terhadap regenerasi katoda LiNi₁/₃Co₁/₃Al₁/₃O₂ (NCA) dari baterai litium-ion bekas, serta melakukan analisis terkait pengaruh variasi rasio komposisi NCA sebesar 0,025; 0,05; 0,075; dan 0,1 gram terhadap kinerja elektrokimia material hasil regenerasi. Material hasil regenerasi dikarakterisasi menggunakan X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) untuk analisis struktur kristal, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) untuk morfologi partikel, Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) untuk hambatan elektrokimia dan difusi ion Li⁺, serta Galvanostatic Charge–Discharge (GCD) untuk kapasitas spesifik. Hasil XRD menunjukkan bahwa seluruh sampel hasil regenerasi berhasil membentuk struktur layered khas NCA dengan space group R-3m dengan peningkatan intensitas difraksi fasa kristal yang signifikan. Hasil SEM menunjukkan morfologi berupa aglomerat partikel dengan bentuk cenderung membulat yang homogen. Hasil EIS menunjukkan bahwa sampel RNCA-75 konduktivitas listrik tertinggi sebesar 1,09 × 10⁻⁴ S/cm, dan koefisien difusi ion Li⁺ tertinggi sebesar 3,80 × 10⁻¹⁶ cm²/s. Hasil GCD juga menunjukkan kapasitas spesifik tertinggi, yaitu sekitar 81,57-96,71 mAh g⁻¹ dengan efisiensi Coulombic sebesar 84,34%. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, metode Direct Recycling menggunakan DESs dan kalsinasi atmosfer O₂ berpengaruh dalam meregenerasi katoda NCA, dengan komposisi optimal diperoleh pada variasi 0,075 gram.
==============================================================================================================================
The increasing use of lithium-ion batteries has generated a significant amount of spent battery waste, which poses potential environmental hazards. Therefore, effective recycling methods are required to recover cathode materials. This study aims to analyze the effect of the Direct Recycling method using Deep Eutectic Solvents (DESs) combined with calcination under an O₂ atmosphere on the regeneration of LiNi₁/₃Co₁/₃Al₁/₃O₂ (NCA) cathodes from spent lithium-ion batteries. In addition, this study investigates the effect of NCA composition ratios of 0.025, 0.05, 0.075, and 0.1 g on the electrochemical performance of regenerated cathode materials. The regenerated materials were characterized using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) to analyze crystal structure, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) to observe particle morphology, Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) to evaluate electrochemical resistance and Li⁺ ion diffusion, and Galvanostatic Charge–Discharge (GCD) to determine specific capacity. The XRD results showed that all regenerated samples successfully formed the layered NCA structure with R-3m space group, accompanied by a significant increase in crystalline phase diffraction intensity. SEM analysis revealed agglomerated particles with relatively homogeneous and spherical-like morphology. The EIS results indicated that the RNCA-75 sample exhibited the highest electrical conductivity of 1.09 × 10⁻⁴ S/cm and the highest Li⁺ ion diffusion coefficient of 3,80 × 10⁻¹⁶ cm²/s. The GCD results also showed the highest specific capacity, ranging from 81.57 to 96,71 mAh g⁻¹, with a Coulombic efficiency of 84.34%. Based on these findings, the Direct Recycling method using DESs combined with calcination under an O₂ atmosphere significantly contributed to the regeneration of NCA cathodes, with the optimum composition achieved at 0.075 g.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Other) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Baterai Li-Ion, Deep Eutectic Solvents (DESs), Direct Recycling, Kalsinasi O₂, Nickel-Cobalt-Alumunium (NCA), Li-Ion Battery, Deep Eutectic Solvents (DESs), Direct Recycling, O₂ Calcinated, Nickel-Cobalt-Alumunium (NCA). |
| Subjects: | Q Science > QC Physics > QC100 Crystals. Q Science > QC Physics > QC173.4.C63 Composite materials Q Science > QC Physics > QC451 Spectroscopy |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Science and Data Analytics (SCIENTICS) > Physics > 45201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Fhadilah Amaliah |
| Date Deposited: | 24 Jul 2026 02:15 |
| Last Modified: | 24 Jul 2026 02:15 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/136876 |
Actions (login required)
 |
View Item |