Analisis Ketahanan Terhadap Jamming Pada Skema Modulasi LoRa (CSS)

Akhlus, Ghazali Ariangga (2026) Analisis Ketahanan Terhadap Jamming Pada Skema Modulasi LoRa (CSS). Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

LoRa merupakan teknologi Physical Layer yang banyak digunakan pada sistem Internet of Things karena mampu menyediakan komunikasi jarak jauh berdaya rendah melalui modulasi Chirp Spread Spectrum (CSS). Meskipun memiliki processing gain yang tinggi, LoRa tidak sepenuhnya kebal terhadap serangan jamming. Penelitian ini menganalisis ketahanan modulasi LoRa terhadap dua jenis jamming, yaitu Continuous Wave (CW) jamming dan LoRa-based jamming, dengan Spreading Factor (SF) sebagai parameter utama. Penelitian dilakukan melalui simulasi numerik pada MATLAB menggunakan model baseband kompleks ekuivalen. Ketahanan sistem dievaluasi melalui Probability of Detection (Pd), yaitu proporsi keberhasilan deteksi simbol yang diukur dari posisi puncak korelasi pada domain FFT setelah proses dechirping, dengan variasi SF dan Signal-to-Jamming Ratio (SJR) yang disweep melalui iterasi Monte Carlo. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa terhadap CW jamming, peningkatan SF terbukti efektif: SF = 7 mulai mengalami penurunan deteksi pada SJR sekitar −14 dB, sedangkan SF = 12 masih andal hingga SJR serendah −30 dB. Sebaliknya, terhadap LoRa-based jamming seluruh nilai SF jatuh pada ambang yang hampir sama, yaitu sekitar +2 dB, tanpa keuntungan dari peningkatan SF, karena jammer menggunakan SF dan bandwidth yang identik dengan sinyal target sehingga mekanisme processing gain menjadi tidak efektif. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa peningkatan SF bukan merupakan strategi yang sepenuhnya efektif dalam menghadapi jamming struktural seperti LoRa-based jamming, sehingga diperlukan teknik anti-jamming yang lebih adaptif.
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LoRa is a widely used physical layer technology in Internet of Things systems due to its low-power, long-range communication enabled by Chirp Spread Spectrum (CSS) modulation. Although it provides high processing gain, LoRa is not fully resistant to jamming attacks. This research analyzes the robustness of LoRa modulation against two jamming types, Continuous Wave (CW) jamming and LoRa-based jamming, with the Spreading Factor (SF) as the main parameter. The study is conducted through numerical simulations in MATLAB using a complex baseband-equivalent model. System robustness is evaluated using the Probability of Detection (Pd), defined as the proportion of correctly detected symbols measured from the correlation peak position in the FFT domain after dechirping, with SF and Signal-to-Jamming Ratio (SJR) swept through Monte Carlo iterations. The results show that against CW jamming, increasing SF proves effective: SF = 7 begins to lose detection at an SJR of about −14 dB, whereas SF = 12 remains reliable down to an SJR as low as −30 dB. In contrast, against LoRa-based jamming all SF values collapse at nearly the same threshold, around +2 dB, with no benefit from increasing SF, because the jammer uses identical SF and bandwidth to the target signal, rendering the processing gain mechanism ineffective. This study concludes that increasing SF alone is not a fully reliable strategy against structural jamming such as LoRa-based jamming, indicating the need for more adaptive anti-jamming techniques.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	LoRa, Chirp Spread Spectrum, Jamming, Spreading Factor, Signal-to Jamming Ratio, UAV.
Subjects:	T Technology > TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering > TK5101 Telecommunication
Divisions:	Faculty of Intelligent Electrical and Informatics Technology (ELECTICS) > Telecommunication Engineering > 20202-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Ghazali Ariangga Akhlus
Date Deposited:	24 Jul 2026 04:48
Last Modified:	24 Jul 2026 04:48
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/137041

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