Penentuan Carbon Footprint Pada Fase Produksi Pengolahan Air Minum SPAM Gresik

Maharani, Galuh Putri (2026) Penentuan Carbon Footprint Pada Fase Produksi Pengolahan Air Minum SPAM Gresik. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Komitmen Indonesia dalam Paris Agreement diwujudkan melalui Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) yang menargetkan penurunan emisi gas rumah kaca (GRK), sementara operasional Instalasi Pengolahan Air (IPA) turut berkontribusi terhadap emisi melalui konsumsi listrik, penggunaan bahan bakar, serta penggunaan dan transportasi bahan kimia. Penelitian ini bertujuan menghitung emisi karbon dan spesific energy consumption (SEC) pada proses produksi SPAM Gresik (PT X) serta menyusun rekomendasi alternatif penurunan emisi karbon. Hingga saat ini, belum terdapat perhitungan mengenai jejak karbon pada PT X sebagai dasar evaluasi sumber emisi dan penyusunan strategi pengurangan emisi yang berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan metode Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) dan Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Protocol untuk menghitung emisi karbon pada proses produksi air minum. Analisis difokuskan pada tahap pengolahan air di IPA dengan 3 cakupan emisi. Scope 1, yaitu emisi langsung dari reaksi kimia koagulan dan penggunaan bahan bakar genset. Scope 2, yaitu emisi tidak langsung dari konsumsi energi listrik. Scope 3, yaitu emisi tidak langsung lainnya yang berasal dari transportasi dan produksi bahan kimia. Hasil analisis menunjukkan total emisi karbon sebesar 0,14 kg CO₂/m³ pada kapasitas produksi rata-rata sebesar 412 L/detik. Emisi tersebut terdiri atas emisi scope 1 sebesar 0,004 kg CO₂/m³, scope 2 sebesar 0,10 kg CO₂/m³, dan scope 3 sebesar 0,041 kg CO₂/m³. Nilai SEC rata-rata tahun 2025 sebesar 0,119 kWh/m³ lebih rendah dibandingkan standar nasional sebesar 0,4 kWh/m³. Sedangkan, biaya energi spesifik rata-rata sebesar Rp 150,91/m³ juga berada di bawah rata-rata nasional sebesar Rp 356,34/m³. Nilai SEC dan biaya energi spesifik yang lebih rendah dari standar nasional menunjukkan bahwa sistem produksi air di IPA PT X telah beroperasi dengan baik. Rekomendasi alternatif penurunan emisi karbon dilakukan melalui skenario, yaitu perbaikan impeller dan pembersihan pompa. Perbaikan impeller dan pembersihan pompa meningkatkan efisiensi pompa dengan menghasilkan penghematan energi sebesar 177.229,48 kWh/tahun, menurunkan emisi karbon sebesar 154.189,65 kg CO₂/tahun, serta menghemat biaya listrik sebesar Rp 198.827.980/tahun. Hasil tersebut menunjukkan pemeliharaan pompa secara rutin merupakan strategi yang efektif untuk meningkatkan efisiensi energi sekaligus menekan emisi karbon dan biaya energi. Oleh karena itu, upaya peningkatan efisiensi pompa perlu diterapkan secara konsisten sebagai bagian dari pengelolaan operasional yang berkelanjutan.
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Indonesia’s commitment to the Paris Agreement is realized through its Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC), which aims to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, while the operations of water treatment plants (WTPs) also contribute to emissions through electricity consumption, fuel use, and the use and transportation of chemicals. This study aims to calculate carbon emissions and specific energy consumption (SEC) in the production process at the Gresik Water Supply facility (PT X) and to develop alternative recommendations for reducing carbon emissions. To date, there have been no calculations of PT X’s carbon footprint to serve as a basis for evaluating emission sources and developing sustainable emission reduction strategies. This study was conducted using the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Protocol methods to calculate carbon emissions in the drinking water production process. The analysis focused on the water treatment stage at the water treatment plant (WTP) with three emission scopes. Scope 1 consists of direct emissions from chemical reactions involving coagulants and the use of generator fuel. Scope 2 consists of indirect emissions from electricity consumption. Scope 3 consists of other indirect emissions arising from transportation and the production of chemicals.
The analysis results show total carbon emissions of 0,14 kg CO₂/m³ at an average production capacity of 412 L/s, consisting of 0,004 kg CO₂/m³ (Scope 1), 0,10 kg CO₂/m³ (Scope 2), and 0,041 kg CO₂/m³ (Scope 3). The average specific energy consumption (SEC) of 0,119 kWh/m³ and specific energy cost of Rp 150.91/m³ are below national standards, indicating that the water treatment plant is operating efficiently. A scenario for reducing carbon emissions through impeller repairs and pump cleaning improves pump efficiency, thereby reducing energy consumption by 177,229.48 kWh/year, carbon emissions by 154,189.65 kg CO₂/year, and energy costs by Rp 198,827,980/year. These results demonstrate that improving pump efficiency through routine maintenance is an effective strategy for enhancing energy efficiency while simultaneously reducing carbon emissions and energy costs.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Biaya Energi, Carbon footprint, GHG Protocol, Efisiensi Energi, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), Energy Costs, Carbon footprint, Energy Efficiency, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), GHG Protocol
Subjects:	T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD194.6 Environmental impact analysis
Divisions:	Faculty of Civil, Planning, and Geo Engineering (CIVPLAN) > Environmental Engineering > 25201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Galuh Putri Maharani
Date Deposited:	24 Jul 2026 06:37
Last Modified:	24 Jul 2026 06:37
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/137125

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