Setiadi, Dedy (2026) Implementasi Sistem Kontrol Pengering Tembakau Berbasis Hot Air Drying untuk Meningkatkan Produktivitas Pertanian. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Tembakau (Nicotiana tabacum L.) merupakan komoditas penting bagi perekonomian nasional, namun kualitasnya sering terhambat oleh proses pengeringan yang kurang optimal. Metode konvensional seperti sun curing dan fire curing sangat bergantung pada cuaca sehingga berisiko menghasilkan kadar air yang tidak seragam dan menurunkan mutu produk. Penelitian ini mengembangkan sistem pengering tembakau berbasis hot air drying dengan kontrol otomatis untuk meningkatkan efisiensi dan konsistensi hasil. Sistem dirancang menggunakan mikrokontroler Arduino Mega 2560 R3 Wifi ESP8622 dengan metode feedback control. Sensor RTD PT100 digunakan untuk memantau temperatur, sedangkan sensor load cell mendeteksi perubahan massa sebagai indikator kadar air. Data sensor ditampilkan secara real time melalui Human Machine Interface (HMI) berbasis DWIN Display 7 inci. Proses pengeringan dikendalikan dengan system On/Off agar temperatur berada pada rentang optimal 40–70 °C. Simulasi Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) menggunakan ANSYS Fluent dilakukan untuk menganalisis distribusi temperatur pada ruang pengering yang terdiri atas enam rak tembakau. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan distribusi temperatur relatif merata dengan rata-rata 68°C. Sistem ini mampu menurunkan kadar air tembakau dari 75% menjadi 15% dalam 2–3 jam, setara dengan penurunan massa dari 100 kg tembakau basah menjadi 29,4 kg tembakau kering. Implementasi sistem ini diharapkan dapat meningkatkan produktivitas dan kualitas tembakau secara berkelanjutan.
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Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) is an important commodity for the national economy, but its quality is often compromised by suboptimal drying processes. Conventional methods such as sun curing and fire curing are highly dependent on weather conditions, which can result in inconsistent moisture content and reduced product quality. This study developed a tobacco drying system based on hot air drying with automatic control to improve efficiency and consistency of results. The system was designed using an Arduino Mega 2560 R3 Wifi ESP8622 microcontroller with feedback control. An RTD PT100 sensor was used to monitor temperature, while a load cell sensor detected changes in mass as an indicator of moisture content. Sensor data is displayed in real time via a Human Machine Interface (HMI) based on 7-inch DWIN Display. The drying process is controlled using On/Off system to maintain the temperature within the optimal range of 40–70°C. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations using ANSYS Fluent were conducted to analyze temperature distribution within the drying chamber, which consists of six tobacco racks. Simulation results indicate relatively uniform temperature distribution with an average of 68°C. This system can reduce the moisture content of tobacco from 75% to 15% in 2–3 hours, equivalent to a mass reduction from 100 kg of wet tobacco to 29,4 kg of dry tobacco. The implementation of this system is expected to enhance productivity and tobacco quality sustainably.
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