Optimasi Remediasi Tanah Tercemar Minyak Bumi melalui Integrasi Soil Washing dan Oksidasi Lanjutan Menggunakan Response Surface Methodology

Ramadhan, Rasyidan Rizqi (2026) Optimasi Remediasi Tanah Tercemar Minyak Bumi melalui Integrasi Soil Washing dan Oksidasi Lanjutan Menggunakan Response Surface Methodology. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Pencemaran tanah oleh hidrokarbon petroleum akibat limbah oli bekas menuntut penerapan metode remediasi yang presisi guna meminimalisir dampak lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengoptimasi penurunan Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon (TPH) pada proses soil washing menggunakan pemodelan Response Surface Methodology (RSM) desain Box Behnken. Tiga faktor bebas utama yang dievaluasi meliputi konsentrasi surfaktan Polysorbate 80 (0,5%, 1,5%, 2,5%), waktu pencucian (30, 60, 90 menit), dan rasio solid/liquid (1:5, 1:10, 1:15). Penelitian eksperimental berskala pilot ini menggunakan media pasir bangunan buatan (artificial spiked sand) yang dikontaminasi oli motor bekas dengan konsentrasi TPH awal sebesar 13,5%. Proses pencucian mekanis dilakukan menggunakan Rotary Agitator dengan kecepatan konstan 50 rpm, diikuti oleh tahap pasca-pengolahan oksidasi kimia. Analisis kadar TPH diekstraksi dan diukur secara komprehensif menggunakan metode gravimetri (EPA Method 1664B). Hasil analisis Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) menunjukkan bahwa model Two-Factor Interaction (2FI) sangat signifikan dalam memodelkan penyisihan TPH, dengan interaksi antara konsentrasi surfaktan dan waktu pencucian sebagai parameter yang paling krusial. Titik operasional optimum yang mengedepankan efisiensi bahan kimia dan energi tercapai pada penggunaan konsentrasi Polysorbate 80 sebesar 0,5%, waktu pencucian selama 30 menit, dan rasio solid/liquid 1:10. Pada kondisi optimum ini, model RSM memprediksi efisiensi penurunan TPH sebesar 93,10%. Uji validasi laboratorium menghasilkan penyisihan aktual rata-rata
sebesar 88,08%. Lebih lanjut, penerapan metode Fenton pada air sisa soil washing selama 90 menit terbukti sangat efektif dengan memberikan efisiensi penurunan TPH cair rata-rata sebesar 95,68%, sehingga dapat mengeliminasi risiko pencemaran sekunder.
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Soil contamination by petroleum hydrocarbons due to used motor oil waste demands the application of precise remediation methods to minimize environmental impacts. This study aims to optimize the reduction of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon (TPH) in the soil washing process using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) modeling with a Box-Behnken design. The three main independent factors evaluated included Polysorbate 80 surfactant concentration (0.5%, 1.5%, 2.5%), washing time (30, 60, 90 minutes), and solid/liquid ratio (1:5, 1:10, 1:15). This pilot-scale experimental study utilized artificial spiked sand media contaminated with used motor oil, with an initial TPH concentration of 13.5%. The mechanical washing process was conducted using a Rotary Agitator at a constant speed of 50 rpm, followed by a chemical oxidation post-treatment stage. TPH levels were extracted and comprehensively measured using the gravimetric method (EPA Method 1664B).
The Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) results indicated that the Two-Factor Interaction (2FI) model was highly significant in modeling TPH removal, with the interaction between surfactant concentration and washing time being the most crucial parameter. The optimum operational point, which prioritizes chemical and energy efficiency, was achieved using a Polysorbate 80 concentration of 0.5%, a washing time of 30 minutes, and a solid/liquid ratio of 1:10. Under these optimum conditions, the RSM model predicted a TPH reduction efficiency of 93.10%. Laboratory validation tests yielded an average actual removal of 88.08%. Furthermore, the application of Fenton's method on the soil washing effluent for 90 minutes proved highly effective, achieving an average liquid TPH reduction efficiency of 95.68%, thereby eliminating the risk of secondary pollution.

Item Type:	Thesis (Masters)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Box-Behnken Design, Oksidasi Fenton, Polysorbate 80, Rotary Agitator, Soil Washing, Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon, Box-Behnken Design, Fenton oxidation, Polysorbate 80, rotary agitator, soil washing, Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon.
Subjects:	T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD878.47 Soil remediation
Divisions:	Faculty of Civil Engineering and Planning > Environment Engineering > 25101-(S2) Master Thesis
Depositing User:	Rasyidan Rizqi Ramadhan
Date Deposited:	26 Jul 2026 14:17
Last Modified:	26 Jul 2026 14:17
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/137290

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