Perancangan Sistem Reconfigurable Control pada Steam Drum dengan Kesalahan Sensor

Putri, Safania Erlyana (2026) Perancangan Sistem Reconfigurable Control pada Steam Drum dengan Kesalahan Sensor. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Steam drum merupakan subsistem penting pada boiler yang berfungsi mengatur keseimbangan air dan uap serta secara langsung memengaruhi efisiensi operasi sistem pembangkit listrik. Fault pada sensor level steam drum dapat menyebabkan penyimpangan pengukuran yang signifikan sehingga menurunkan kinerja sistem pengendalian. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh fault sensor terhadap sistem pengendalian level steam drum serta mengusulkan strategi Fault Tolerant Control (FTC) berbasis Extended State Observer (ESO) untuk meningkatkan ketahanan sistem terhadap kerusakan sensor. Validasi model terhadap data plant menghasilkan error level sebesar 0,56793% dan error tekanan sebesar 0,3336%, yang menunjukkan bahwa model mampu merepresentasikan dinamika sistem aktual dengan baik. ESO dirancang untuk mengestimasi fault sensor dengan memperlakukan fault sebagai Augmented State dan gangguan dalam kerangka observer. Sinyal hasil estimasi kemudian dimanfaatkan dalam skema Active Fault Tolerant Control (AFTC) untuk mengompensasi kesalahan pengukuran sehingga kinerja sistem pengendalian tetap terjaga. Kinerja metode yang diusulkan dievaluasi melalui skenario fault sensor bertipe step dan ramp. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa tanpa FTC, fault sensor bertipe step menghasilkan error pengendalian level maksimum sebesar 30,84% dan 32,06%, sedangkan fault bertipe ramp menghasilkan error sebesar 76,79% dan 77,76%. ESO mampu mengestimasi fault dengan akurasi yang tinggi, ditunjukkan oleh error estimasi maksimum sebesar 2,04%. Dengan memanfaatkan hasil estimasi tersebut pada mekanisme kompensasi FTC, error pengendalian level berhasil ditekan menjadi 0,44–0,61% pada kondisi fault step kemudian 0,73–1,31% pada kondisi fault ramp. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa strategi FTC berbasis ESO mampu mengestimasi dan mengompensasi fault sensor secara efektif sehingga kestabilan, robustness, dan kemampuan tracking sistem pengendalian level steam drum tetap terjaga.
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Steam drum is a critical subsystem in a boiler that regulates the water-Steam inventory and directly influences the operational safety and efficiency of power generation systems. Sensor Faults in the Steam drum level measurement can introduce significant measurement deviations, leading to degraded Control performance and potentially unsafe operating conditions. This study investigates the impact of sensor Faults on Steam drum level Control and proposes an Extended State Observer (ESO)-based Fault Tolerant Control (FTC) strategy to enhance system resilience aGainst sensor malfunctions. Model validation aGainst Plant data resulted in a level Error of 0.56793% and a Pressure Error of 0.3336%, indicating that the model accurately represents the actual system dynamics. An ESO was designed to estimate sensor Faults by treating them as Augmented states and disturbances within the Observer framework. The estimated Fault signal was subsequently utilized in an active FTC scheme to compensate for measurement Errors and maintain Closed-loop Control performance. The proposed approach was evaluated under step and ramp sensor Fault scenarios. Simulation results demonstrate that, in the absence of FTC, step sensor Faults produced maximum level Control Errors of 30.84% and 32.06%, while ramp sensor Faults generated Errors of 76.79% and 77.76%, respectively. The ESO achieved accurate Fault Estimation with a maximum Estimation Error of 2.04%. By incorporating the estimated Fault into the FTC compensation mechanism, the level Control error was reduced to 0.44–0.61% under step fault conditions and to 0.73–1.31% under ramp Fault conditions. These results confirm that the proposed ESO-based FTC strategy effectively estimates and compensates for sensor Faults, thereby preserving the stability, robustness, and Tracking performance of the Steam drum level Control system.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Steam Drum, Fault Sensor, Fault Tolerant Control, Extended State Observer, Reconfigurable Control, Digital Twin
Subjects:	Q Science Q Science > QC Physics Q Science > QC Physics > QC100.5 Measuring instruments (General)
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Physics Engineering > 30201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Safania Erlyana Putri
Date Deposited:	03 Aug 2026 07:16
Last Modified:	03 Aug 2026 07:16
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/137309

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