Maharani, Azaria and Amirulloh, Mukhamad Alfarizi (2026) Modelling dan Optimasi Degradasi Fotokatalitik Metil Orange Menggunakan Beads Komposit CMC/Chitosan/TiO₂ dengan Metode Response Surface Methodology. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Pencemaran air akibat limbah cair industri tekstil menjadi permasalahan lingkungan yang semakin serius, terutama karena tingginya kandungan zat warna sintetis anionik yang bersifat persisten dan toksik. Methyl orange (MO), sebagai salah satu zat warna azo anionik yang banyak digunakan, sulit dihilangkan melalui metode pengolahan konvensional karena stabilitas kimia dan kelarutannya yang tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memodelkan dan mengoptimasi proses degradasi fotokatalitik MO menggunakan beads komposit Carboxymethyl Cellulose/Chitosan/TiO₂ (CMC/CS/TiO₂) melalui pendekatan Response Surface Methodology (RSM). Komposit disintesis dengan metode blending yang dikombinasikan dengan ultrasonikasi untuk menghasilkan dispersi TiO₂ yang homogen dalam biopolimer. CMC berperan sebagai agen penstabil dan pendispersi TiO₂, sementara chitosan berfungsi sebagai adsorben efektif terhadap zat warna anionik, sehingga menciptakan sinergi antara mekanisme adsorpsi dan fotokatalisis. Optimasi proses dilakukan secara bertahap, diawali dengan two-level factorial design sebagai tahap screening untuk mengidentifikasi parameter operasional yang berpengaruh signifikan terhadap efisiensi removal MO, dilanjutkan dengan Central Composite Design (CCD) untuk menentukan kondisi optimum. Variabel yang dikaji meliputi pH larutan, massa TiO₂, massa adsorben, konsentrasi awal MO, dan suhu operasi. Hasil optimasi divalidasi melalui percobaan konfirmasi dengan evaluasi kesesuaian model berdasarkan nilai koefisien determinasi (R²). Penelitian ini diharapkan menghasilkan sistem adsorben hidrogel berbasis CMC/CS/TiO₂ yang efisien, stabil, dan berkelanjutan.
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Water pollution from textile industrial effluents remains a critical environmental challenge due to the high discharge of persistent synthetic dyes. Methyl orange (MO), an anionic azo dye, is particularly problematic because of its chemical stability, high solubility, and potential toxicological effects. This study focuses on the modelling and optimization of MO photocatalytic degradation using composite hydrogel beads based on carboxymethyl cellulose/chitosan/titanium dioxide (CMC/CS/TiO₂). The composite beads were synthesized via a blending method assisted by ultrasonication to ensure homogeneous TiO₂ dispersion and enhanced structural stability. In this system, CMC acts as a stabilizing biocomposite to prevent TiO₂ agglomeration, while chitosan provides effective adsorption sites for anionic dyes, promoting synergistic adsorption–photocatalysis mechanisms. Process optimization was conducted using Response Surface Methodology (RSM), employing a two-level factorial design for screening significant operational parameters, followed by Central Composite Design (CCD) to evaluate linear, quadratic, and interaction effects. Key variables investigated included solution pH, TiO₂ loading, adsorbent dosage, initial MO concentration, and operating temperature. The optimized conditions were validated through confirmatory experiments, demonstrating good agreement between experimental and predicted responses, as indicated by a high coefficient of determination (R²) and low prediction error. The results highlight the potential of CMC/CS/TiO₂ hydrogel beads as an efficient, reusable, and sustainable photocatalytic system.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Other) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Adsorpsi–fotokatalisis, Komposit CMC/CS/TiO₂, Methyl orange; Response Surface Methodology, Adsorption–photocatalysis, CMC/CS/TiO₂ composite, Methyl orange, Response Surface Methodology, |
| Subjects: | Q Science > QD Chemistry > QD716 Photocatalysis. |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Vocational > 24305-Industrial Chemical Engineering |
| Depositing User: | Mukhamad Alfarizi Amirulloh |
| Date Deposited: | 27 Jul 2026 01:09 |
| Last Modified: | 27 Jul 2026 01:09 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/137375 |
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