Desain Pabrik Blue Ammonia Dengan Integrasi Carbon Capture Storage (CCS) Untuk Enhance Oil Recovery (EOR)

Hermawan, Lionel Pascado and Jonathan, Jonathan (2026) Desain Pabrik Blue Ammonia Dengan Integrasi Carbon Capture Storage (CCS) Untuk Enhance Oil Recovery (EOR). Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Desain pabrik blue ammonia dengan integrasi Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) untuk Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) ini dirancang untuk menghasilkan amonia rendah karbon sekaligus memanfaatkan CO₂ hasil proses sebagai fluida injeksi EOR. Pabrik direncanakan beroperasi secara kontinu selama 330 hari/tahun dengan kapasitas produksi blue ammonia sebesar 600.000 ton/tahun. Lokasi pabrik dipilih di Sukowati, Bojonegoro, Jawa Timur, berdasarkan pertimbangan ketersediaan gas alam, utilitas, akses transportasi, tenaga kerja, serta kesiapan implementasi CCS/EOR. Bahan baku utama yang digunakan adalah gas alam sebesar 60,02 MMSCFD. Proses produksi menggunakan teknologi autothermal reforming (ATR) untuk menghasilkan gas sintesis, dilanjutkan dengan water gas shift converter, penangkapan CO₂ menggunakan absorpsi kimia berbasis rotating packed bed (RPB), metanasi, pemurnian hidrogen, sintesis amonia melalui proses Haber-Bosch, serta refrigerasi amonia. Produk utama yang dihasilkan berupa blue ammonia dengan kemurnian 99,6% mol, sedangkan CO₂ hasil penangkapan sebesar 1.051.776,03 ton/tahun diproses melalui kompresi dan dehidrasi hingga memenuhi spesifikasi untuk EOR. Hasil analisis ekonomi menunjukkan nilai Total Capital Investment (TCI) sebesar $668.810.613,10 dan Operating Expenditure (OPEX) sebesar $224.663.242,5 pada tahun pertama produksi dengan kapasitas 50% dari total. Nilai Net Present Value (NPV) sebesar $458.406.525,07, Internal Rate of Return (IRR) sebesar 15,55%, Pay Out Time (POT) selama 8 tahun, dan Break Even Point (BEP) sebesar 45,7% menunjukkan bahwa pabrik layak secara ekonomi pada kondisi dasar. Kelayakan tersebut didukung oleh nilai NPV yang positif, IRR yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan WACC sebesar 10%, serta waktu pengembalian modal yang masih berada di bawah umur ekonomis pabrik. Oleh karena itu, desain pabrik blue ammonia ini memiliki potensi untuk dikembangkan lebih lanjut, dengan tetap memperhatikan stabilitas harga jual produk, pengendalian biaya operasional, serta optimalisasi pemanfaatan CO₂ untuk EOR guna meningkatkan keberlanjutan dan kelayakan ekonomi proyek.
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The plant design project of a blue ammonia plant integrated with Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) for Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) is intended to produce low-carbon ammonia while utilizing process-generated CO₂ as an injection fluid for EOR. The plant is designed to operate continuously for 330 days per year with a blue ammonia production capacity of 600,000 tons/year. The plant location is selected in Sukowati, Bojonegoro, East Java, based on the availability of natural gas, utilities, transportation access, labor, and the readiness for CCS/EOR implementation. The main raw material used is natural gas at a rate of 60.02 MMSCFD. The production process applies autothermal reforming (ATR) technology to produce synthesis gas, followed by a water gas shift converter, CO₂ capture using chemical absorption based on a rotating packed bed (RPB), methanation, hydrogen purification, ammonia synthesis through the Haber-Bosch process, and ammonia refrigeration. The main product is blue ammonia with a purity of 99.6 mol%, while the captured CO₂, amounting to 1,051,776.03 tons/year, is processed through compression and dehydration to meet the specifications required for EOR. The economic analysis shows a Total Capital Investment (TCI) of $668.810.613,10 and Operating Expenditure (OPEX) of $224.663.242,5 in the first year of production, operating at 50% of total capacity. The Net Present Value (NPV) of $458.406.525,07, Internal Rate of Return (IRR) of 15.55%, Pay Out Time (POT) of 8 years, and Break Event Point (BEP) of 45.7% indicate that the plant is economically feasible under the base-case condition. This feasibility is supported by the positive NPV, an IRR higher than the WACC of 10%, and a payback period that is still below the economic lifetime of the plant. Therefore, the preliminary design of this blue ammonia plant has the potential for further development, while still requiring attention to product selling price stability, operational cost control, and optimization of CO₂ utilization for EOR to improve the project’s sustainability and economic feasibility.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	amonia biru, autothermal reforming, carbon capture storage, enhanced oil recovery, rotating packed bed blue ammonia, autothermal reforming, carbon capture storage, enhance oil recovery, rotating packed bed
Subjects:	T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP155.5 Chemical plants--Design and construction
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology > Chemical Engineering > 24201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Jonathan Jonathan
Date Deposited:	27 Jul 2026 03:12
Last Modified:	27 Jul 2026 03:12
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/137548

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