Respons Morfo-Fisiologis Dan Ekspresi Genetik Tanaman Paprika (Capsicum annuum L.) Pada Fase Vegetatif Di Bawah Paparan Spektrum Cahaya Berbeda

Himami, Rifqi (2026) Respons Morfo-Fisiologis Dan Ekspresi Genetik Tanaman Paprika (Capsicum annuum L.) Pada Fase Vegetatif Di Bawah Paparan Spektrum Cahaya Berbeda. Other thesis, INSTITUT TEKNOLOGI SEPULUH NOPEMBER.

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Abstract

Cahaya merupakan faktor lingkungan yang berperan penting dalam mengatur pertumbuhan, perkembangan, dan regulasi genetik tanaman melalui aktivasi berbagai fotoreseptor. Perbedaan spektrum cahaya dapat memengaruhi respons morfologi, fisiologi, dan ekspresi gen yang berkaitan dengan proses fotomorfogenesis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh penyinaran spektrum cahaya merah, biru, dan putih terhadap respons morfofisiologis serta ekspresi genetik tanaman paprika (Capsicum annuum L.) secara in vivo. Parameter morfologi yang diamati meliputi tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, luas daun, ukuran sel epidermis, dan jumlah stomata, sedangkan parameter fisiologi meliputi berat basah dan berat kering akar, batang, dan daun, serta kandungan klorofil a, klorofil b, klorofil total, dan karotenoid. Analisis ekspresi gen dilakukan terhadap CaRAX3, CaPIF1, CaPIF3, CaPIF4, CaHY5, dan CaCOP1. Penelitian dilaksanakan di greenhouse menggunakan sistem rak pertumbuhan dengan sumber cahaya LED merah, biru, dan putih serta kontrol cahaya alami selama 30 hari. Data dianalisis menggunakan ANOVA satu arah dan uji lanjut Tukey's HSD pada taraf signifikansi p ≤ 0,05. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa cahaya merah menghasilkan respons morfofisiologis terbaik yang ditandai oleh peningkatan tinggi tanaman, luas daun, biomassa, serta kandungan klorofil a, klorofil b, klorofil total, dan karotenoid tertinggi. Cahaya biru menghasilkan morfologi tanaman yang lebih kompak dan menginduksi ekspresi CaHY5 tertinggi (2,57), sedangkan cahaya putih menghasilkan ekspresi CaRAX3 tertinggi (2,11) yang berasosiasi dengan perkembangan organ vegetatif. Pada tingkat molekuler, cahaya merah menekan ekspresi CaPIF1 (0,24), CaPIF3 (0,44), CaPIF4 (0,10), dan CaCOP1 (0,30), yang berkorelasi dengan peningkatan kapasitas fotosintesis, akumulasi biomassa, dan pertumbuhan vegetatif. Secara keseluruhan, penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa spektrum cahaya merah merupakan perlakuan paling efektif dalam mengoptimalkan pertumbuhan tanaman paprika melalui integrasi regulasi genetik, peningkatan kapasitas fotosintesis, dan perubahan morfofisiologis yang mendukung pembentukan biomassa pada fase vegetatif.
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Light is an essential environmental factor that regulates plant growth, development, and genetic regulation through the activation of various photoreceptors. Variations in light spectra can induce distinct morphological, physiological, and molecular responses associated with photomorphogenesis. This study aimed to investigate the effects of red, blue, and white light spectra on the morphophysiological responses and gene expression of sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) under in vivo conditions. Morphological parameters included plant height, leaf number, leaf area, epidermal cell size, and stomatal density, while physiological parameters comprised the fresh and dry weights of roots, stems, and leaves, as well as the contents of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, and carotenoids. Gene expression analysis was performed on CaRAX3, CaPIF1, CaPIF3, CaPIF4, CaHY5, and CaCOP1, which are involved in the regulation of photomorphogenesis. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse using a growth rack system equipped with red, blue, and white LED light sources, with natural sunlight serving as the control, for 30 days. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey's Honestly Significant Difference (HSD) test at a significance level of p ≤ 0.05. The results demonstrated that red light produced the most favorable morphophysiological responses, as indicated by significantly greater plant height, leaf area, biomass accumulation, and higher chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, and carotenoid contents than the other treatments. Blue light produced a more compact plant architecture and induced the highest expression of CaHY5 (2,57), whereas white light resulted in the highest expression of CaRAX3 (2,11), which is associated with vegetative organ development. At the molecular level, red light suppressed the expression of the negative photomorphogenesis regulators CaPIF1 (0,24), CaPIF3 (0,44), CaPIF4 (0,10), and CaCOP1 (0,30), which was associated with enhanced photosynthetic capacity, biomass accumulation, and vegetative growth. Overall, these findings demonstrate that red light is the most effective light spectrum for optimizing sweet pepper growth by integrating genetic regulation with morphophysiological responses that enhance photosynthetic performance and biomass production during the vegetative stage.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Capsicum annuum L., cahaya monokromatik, morfologi, fisiologi, ekspresi genetik, Capsicum annuum L., monochromatic light, morphology, physiology, gene expression.
Subjects:	Q Science > QH Biology > QH426 Genetics Q Science > QK Botany > QK710 Plant physiology Q Science > QK Botany > QK731 Growth (Plants)
Divisions:	Faculty of Mathematics and Science > Biology > 46201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Rifqi Himami
Date Deposited:	27 Jul 2026 03:41
Last Modified:	27 Jul 2026 03:41
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/137556

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