Desain Pabrik Dry Yeast Saccharomyces dari Molases melalui Proses Fermentasi Berkapasitas 6.000 Ton/Tahun

Salsabyla, Farakh Yunizza Salsabyla and Pusaka, Zefanya Keiko Phelia Ing Pusaka (2026) Desain Pabrik Dry Yeast Saccharomyces dari Molases melalui Proses Fermentasi Berkapasitas 6.000 Ton/Tahun. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Dry yeast merupakan salah satu bahan baku penting dalam industri bakery yang berfungsi sebagai agen pengembang adonan melalui proses fermentasi. Seiring meningkatnya pertumbuhan industri roti di Indonesia, kebutuhan dry yeast terus mengalami peningkatan. Namun, sebagian besar kebutuhan tersebut masih dipenuhi melalui impor sehingga menyebabkan ketergantungan terhadap produk luar negeri, fluktuasi harga, serta ketidakpastian pasokan. Indonesia memiliki potensi besar untuk mengembangkan industri dry yeast karena didukung oleh ketersediaan molase sebagai hasil samping industri gula yang melimpah dan dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai sumber karbon dalam proses fermentasi. Oleh karena itu, dilakukan pra-rancangan pabrik dry yeast berbahan baku molase menggunakan mikroorganisme Saccharomyces cerevisiae melalui proses fermentasi dengan kapasitas produksi sebesar 6.000 ton/tahun. Kapasitas tersebut ditetapkan berdasarkan proyeksi kebutuhan dry yeast nasional pada tahun 2029 yang diperkirakan mencapai 17.876,71 ton/tahun, sehingga pabrik dirancang untuk memenuhi sekitar 35% kebutuhan tersebut sebagai upaya mengurangi ketergantungan impor secara bertahap. Pra-rancangan pabrik meliputi analisis kebutuhan pasar, pemilihan teknologi proses, pemilihan lokasi, perancangan proses produksi, spesifikasi peralatan, kebutuhan utilitas, analisis keselamatan proses, analisis dampak lingkungan, serta evaluasi ekonomi. Lokasi pabrik dipilih di Kawasan Industri dan Pelabuhan Terpadu Indonesia (JIIPE), Gresik, Jawa Timur, berdasarkan ketersediaan bahan baku, utilitas, infrastruktur industri, serta kemudahan distribusi produk. Proses produksi terdiri atas tahap pre-treatment molase, fermentasi bertingkat menggunakan sistem batch, pemisahan biomassa, ekstrusi, pengeringan menggunakan fluidized bed dryer, dan pengemasan. Fermentasi menggunakan Saccharomyces cerevisiae dengan molase sebagai sumber karbon utama menghasilkan yield sebesar 0,47 g/g dengan kebutuhan bahan baku molase sebesar 14.708.448,68 kg/tahun. Pabrik dirancang beroperasi selama 330 hari/tahun dan 24 jam/hari dengan umur operasi 15 tahun. Hasil evaluasi ekonomi menunjukkan bahwa investasi pabrik layak untuk direalisasikan dengan Internal Rate of Return (IRR) sebesar 21,58%, Pay Out Time (POT) selama 7 tahun, dan Break Even Point (BEP) sebesar 36,5%, disertai nilai NPV yang positif. Berdasarkan hasil evaluasi teknis, ekonomi, sosial, dan lingkungan, pendirian pabrik dry yeast dari molase melalui proses fermentasi dinilai layak untuk mendukung pertumbuhan industri pangan nasional, serta mengurangi ketergantungan Indonesia terhadap impor dry yeast.
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Dry yeast is one of the essential raw materials used in the bakery industry as a leavening agent through the fermentation process. Along with the continuous growth of the bakery industry in Indonesia, the demand for dry yeast has increased significantly. However, most domestic demand is still fulfilled through imports, resulting in dependence on foreign products, price fluctuations, and supply uncertainty. Indonesia has considerable potential to establish a domestic dry yeast industry due to the abundant availability of molasses, a by-product of the sugar industry, which can be utilized as a carbon source for microbial fermentation. Therefore, a preliminary design of a dry yeast production plant using molasses as the primary raw material and Saccharomyces cerevisiae as the fermentation microorganism was carried out with a production capacity of 6,000 tons per year. This production capacity was determined based on the projected national demand for dry yeast in 2029, estimated at 17,876.71 tons per year, allowing the proposed plant to supply approximately 35% of the projected domestic demand while gradually reducing Indonesia's dependence on imported products. The plant design includes market analysis, process technology selection, plant location determination, process design, equipment specification, utility requirements, process safety assessment, environmental impact analysis, and economic evaluation. The selected plant location is the Java Integrated Industrial and Port Estate (JIIPE), Gresik, East Java, considering raw material availability, industrial infrastructure, utilities, and product distribution accessibility. The production process consists of molasses pre-treatment, batch fermentation, biomass separation, extrusion, drying using a fluidized bed dryer, and product packaging. Fermentation employing Saccharomyces cerevisiae with molasses as the primary carbon source achieves a yield of 0.47 g/g, requiring 14,708,448.68 kg of molasses annually. The plant is designed to operate 330 days per year, 24 hours per day, with a 15-year operational lifetime. The economic evaluation indicates that the proposed plant is financially feasible, with an Internal Rate of Return (IRR) of 21,58%, a Pay Out Time (POT) of 7 years, a Break Even Point (BEP) of 36.5%, and a positive Net Present Value (NPV). Based on the technical, economic, social, and environmental evaluations, the proposed dry yeast production plant is considered feasible and is expected to enhance the utilization of local resources, support the growth of the national food industry, and reduce Indonesia's dependence on imported dry yeast.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Dry Yeast, Molase, Saccharomyces Cerevisiae, Fermentasi, Pra-rancangan Pabrik, Analisis Ekonomi, Molasses, Saccharomyces Cerevisiae, Fermentation, Plant Design, Economic Evaluation.
Subjects:	T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP248.3 Biochemical engineering. Bioprocess engineering
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Chemical Engineering > Food Engineering : 41221-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Zefanya Keiko Phelia Ing Pusaka
Date Deposited:	27 Jul 2026 04:12
Last Modified:	27 Jul 2026 04:12
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/137713

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