Sadiq, Muh. (2026) Analisis Perubahan Geometrik Bangunan Cagar Budaya Pascakebakaran Menggunakan Historic Building Information Modelling Dari Data Terrestrial Laser Scanner Dan As-Built Drawing (Studi Kasus: Gedung Grahadi). Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Dokumentasi bangunan cagar budaya penting untuk mengidentifikasi perubahan geometrik dan mendukung perencanaan restorasi pascabencana. Penelitian ini merekonstruksi dua model 3D berbasis Historic Building Information Modelling (HBIM) dari data point cloud hasil pemindaian Terrestrial Laser Scanner (TLS) dan as-built drawing untuk merepresentasikan kondisi Gedung Grahadi sebelum dan sesudah kebakaran. Akuisisi data dilakukan melalui 84 setup TLS dan mendapatkan error registrasi sebesar 0,003 m dan RMSE georeferensi sebesar 0,004 m untuk RMSEX, 0,004 m untuk RMSEY, dan 0,002 m untuk RMSEZ. Error registrasi dan RMSE georeferensi yang didapatkan telah memenuhi standar ASPRS yaitu ≤5 cm untuk registrasi dan ≤2,5 cm untuk georeferensi. Kedua model 3D HBIM dibangun melalui metode scan-to-HBIM dan CAD-to-HBIM pada Autodesk Revit dan memuat komponen struktural diantaranya kolom, balok, rangka atap serta komponen nonstruktural yaitu dinding, pintu, jendela, atap. Perbandingan geometrik model 3D HBIM menunjukkan terjadinya penurunan jumlah rangka atap dari 22 menjadi 15 unit, pintu dari 26 menjadi 6 unit, jendela dari 17 menjadi 7 unit, dan atap dari 6 menjadi 3 segmen, sedangkan jumlah kolom meningkat dari 79 menjadi 81 unit, balok dari 49 menjadi 52 segmen, dan dinding dari 23 menjadi 26 segmen. Perbandingan geometrik model 3D HBIM juga menunjukkan adanya selisih ukuran dimensi komponen bangunan pascakebakaran dengan rentang selisih terbesar terjadi pada dinding yaitu -0,270 hingga 0,070 m dan rentang selisih terkecil terjadi pada jendela yaitu -0,060 hingga 0,004 m. Analisis visual dengan confusion matrix dan perbandingan tampilan mengkonfirmasi adanya perubahan jumlah komponen bangunan berdasarkan akurasi visual dan karakteristik tampilan kedua model 3D. Akurasi posisi dari model 3D HBIM yang dihasilkan mencapai 0,012 m, sedangkan akurasi ukuran dimensinya sebesar 0,009 m, keduanya telah memenuhi standar kelas LoA30. Uji paired t-test menghasilkan t-hitung (1,150) < t-tabel (2,042), yang menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat perubahan ukuran dimensi yang signifikan secara statistik pada sayap barat Gedung Grahadi pascakebakaran. Model 3D HBIM yang dihasilkan juga telah memenuhi standar LoD 4 berdasarkan aspek skala, akurasi, dan detail struktur bangunan.
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Documentation of heritage buildings is crucial for identifying geometric changes and supporting post-disaster restoration planning. This study reconstructs two 3D models based on Historic Building Information Modelling (HBIM) using point cloud data from Terrestrial Laser Scanner (TLS) scans and as-built drawings to represent the condition of the Grahadi Building before and after a fire. Data acquisition was conducted through 84 TLS setups, achieving a registration error of 0.003 m and georeferencing RMSE values of 0.004 m for RMSEX, 0.004 m for RMSEY, and 0.002 m for RMSEZ. The resulting registration error and georeferencing RMSE meet the ASPRS standards of ≤5 cm for registration and ≤2,5 cm for georeferencing. Both 3D HBIM models were constructed using scan-to-HBIM and CAD-to-HBIM methods in Autodesk Revit, incorporating structural components such as columns, beams, and roof trusses, as well as non-structural components including walls, doors, windows, and roofs. Geometric comparison of the 3D HBIM models shows a decrease in the number of roof trusses from 22 to 15 units, doors from 26 to 6 units, windows from 17 to 7 units, and roofs from 6 to 3 segments. Conversely, the number of columns increased from 79 to 81 units, beams from 49 to 52 segments, and walls from 23 to 26 segments. Geometric comparison also indicates differences in component dimensions post-fire, with the largest difference range occurring in walls (-0.270 to 0.070 m) and the smallest in windows (-0.060 to 0.004 m). Visual analysis using a confusion matrix and visual appearance comparison confirms changes in the number of building components based on visual accuracy and appearance characteristics of both 3D models. The positional accuracy of the generated 3D HBIM models reached 0.012 m, while the dimensional accuracy was 0.009 m, both satisfying LoD4 and LoA30 class standards. The paired t-test yielded a calculated t-value (1.150) < table t-value (2.042), indicating that there was no statistically significant change in the dimensions of the west wing of the Grahadi Building following the fire. The resulting HBIM 3D model also met the LoD 4 standard in terms of scale, accuracy, and structural detail.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Other) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | TLS, As-built Drawing, Model 3D, HBIM, Perubahan Geometrik, 3D Model, Geometric Change |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TH Building construction > TH438.13 Building information modeling. |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Civil, Planning, and Geo Engineering (CIVPLAN) > Geomatics Engineering > 29202-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Muh. Sadiq |
| Date Deposited: | 28 Jul 2026 00:53 |
| Last Modified: | 28 Jul 2026 00:53 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/137942 |
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