Analisis Optimasi TDS Pada Sistem Hidroponik Tanaman Pakcoy Berbasis Internet of Things(IoT) dengan Monitoring pH dan Suhu

Wulandari, Siti (2026) Analisis Optimasi TDS Pada Sistem Hidroponik Tanaman Pakcoy Berbasis Internet of Things(IoT) dengan Monitoring pH dan Suhu. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Pangan merupakan kebutuhan dasar manusia yang harus terpenuhi untuk mendukung kehidupan yang sehat dan produktif. Keterbatasan lahan pertanian mendorong penerapan sistem hidroponik sebagai metode budidaya yang lebih efisien. Keberhasilan budidaya hidroponik dipengaruhi oleh kualitas larutan nutrisi, terutama parameter Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), pH, dan suhu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan konsentrasi nutrisi yang menghasilkan pertumbuhan terbaik pada tanaman pakcoy, menganalisis karakteristik sensor TDS, pH, dan suhu, serta mengimplementasikan sistem monitoring hidroponik berbasis Internet of Things (IoT). Sistem dikembangkan menggunakan mikrokontroler ESP32 yang terintegrasi dengan sensor TDS Gravity DFRobot, sensor pH PH-4502C, dan sensor suhu DS18B20. Data hasil pengukuran dikirimkan secara realtime ke aplikasi Blynk melalui jaringan internet. Optimasi sistem dilakukan melalui pengaturan waktu sampling, penerapan metode moving average, kalibrasi, dan implementasi sensor untuk meningkatkan kestabilan dan kualitas pembacaan data.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi nutrisi sebesar 1200 ppm menghasilkan pertumbuhan terbaik pada tanaman pakcoy dibandingkan konsentrasi 600 ppm dan 1500 ppm. Hasil kalibrasi dan implementasi menunjukkan bahwa sensor pH memiliki nilai koefisien determinasi (R²) sebesar 0,99864 dengan akurasi 99,74%, sedangkan sensor suhu DS18B20 memiliki nilai R² sebesar 1 dengan akurasi 99,50%. Sensor TDS menunjukkan hubungan yang sangat kuat terhadap alat referensi dengan nilai R² sebesar 0,98464 dan koefisien korelasi sebesar 0,99229. Selain itu, hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa waktu sampling 10 detik dan metode moving average mampu menghasilkan pembacaan sensor yang lebih stabil dibandingkan interval sampling yang lebih cepat. Sistem penambahan nutrisi menggunakan pompa peristaltik juga mampu meningkatkan nilai TDS dari 500 ppm hingga mencapai set point 600 ppm dalam waktu sekitar 40 detik. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, sistem monitoring hidroponik berbasis IoT yang dikembangkan mampu memantau parameter TDS, pH, dan suhu secara realtime. Optimasi melalui pengaturan waktu sampling, moving average, kalibrasi, dan implementasi berhasil meningkatkan kualitas pembacaan sensor sehingga sistem dapat digunakan untuk mendukung pengelolaan nutrisi tanaman hidroponik secara lebih efektif
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Food is a basic human necessity that must be fulfilled to support a healthy and productive life. The limitation of agricultural land has encouraged the implementation of hydroponic systems as a more efficient cultivation method. The success of hydroponic cultivation is highly influenced by the quality of the nutrient solution, particularly the parameters of Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), pH, and temperature. This study aims to determine the nutrient concentration that produces the best growth of pakcoy plants, analyze the characteristics of TDS, pH, and temperature sensors, and implement an Internet of Things (IoT)-based hydroponic monitoring system.The system was developed using an ESP32 microcontroller integrated with a Gravity DFRobot TDS sensor, a PH-4502C pH sensor, and a DS18B20 temperature sensor. Measurement data were transmitted in real time to the Blynk application through an internet connection. System optimization was carried out through sampling time adjustment, implementation of the moving average method, sensor calibration, and sensor validation to improve the stability and quality of sensor readings.The results showed that a nutrient concentration of 1200 ppm produced the best growth performance of pakcoy plants compared to nutrient concentrations of 600 ppm and 1500 ppm. Calibration and validation results indicated that the pH sensor achieved a coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.99864 with an accuracy of 99.74%, while the DS18B20 temperature sensor achieved an R² value of 1 with an accuracy of 99.50%. The TDS sensor demonstrated a very strong relationship with the reference instrument, with an R² value of 0.98464 and a correlation coefficient of 0.99229. Furthermore, the results showed that a sampling interval of 10 seconds and the moving average method produced more stable sensor readings compared to shorter sampling intervals. The nutrient dosing system using a peristaltic pump was also able to increase the TDS value from 500 ppm to the 600 ppm set point within approximately 40 seconds. Based on the results, the developed IoT-based hydroponic monitoring system was capable of monitoring TDS, pH, and temperature parameters in real time. Optimization through sampling time adjustment, moving average implementation, calibration, and validation successfully improved the quality of sensor readings, enabling the system to support more effective nutrient management in hydroponic cultivation.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Hidroponik, Internet of Things (IoT), ESP32, pH, TDS, DS18B20, .
Subjects:	Q Science > QC Physics Q Science > QC Physics > QC631.D29 Electrodynamics.
Divisions:	Faculty of Science and Data Analytics (SCIENTICS) > Physics > 45201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Siti Wulandari
Date Deposited:	27 Jul 2026 08:46
Last Modified:	27 Jul 2026 08:46
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/137947

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