Desain Pabrik Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) Melalui Integrasi Proses Pemurnian dan Liquefaction Gas Alam

Azzahra, Shafira Rahmani (2026) Desain Pabrik Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) Melalui Integrasi Proses Pemurnian dan Liquefaction Gas Alam. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Gas alam merupakan salah satu sumber energi strategis yang berperan penting dalam mendukung ketahanan energi nasional karena memiliki emisi yang lebih rendah dibandingkan bahan bakar fosil lainnya. Peningkatan kebutuhan energi bersih serta pertumbuhan permintaan Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) di tingkat domestik maupun global mendorong pengembangan fasilitas liquefaction gas alam sebagai upaya meningkatkan nilai tambah sumber daya gas bumi. Oleh karena itu, pada tugas akhir ini dilakukan pra-desain pabrik Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) melalui integrasi proses pemurnian dan liquefaction gas alam. Perancangan pabrik diawali dengan analisis pasar, penentuan kapasitas produksi, pemilihan lokasi pabrik, seleksi teknologi proses, simulasi proses, perancangan peralatan utama, penyusunan neraca massa dan neraca energi, perancangan utilitas, tata letak pabrik, penyusunan Piping and Instrumentation Diagram (P&ID), serta evaluasi kelayakan ekonomi. Kapasitas produksi ditetapkan sebesar 3,35 juta ton LNG per tahun (MTPA) berdasarkan analisis peluang kebutuhan LNG nasional dan kapasitas fasilitas LNG yang telah beroperasi secara komersial. Berdasarkan hasil evaluasi multi-kriteria menggunakan metode Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) yang divalidasi melalui kajian engineering, lokasi pabrik dipilih di Bontang, Kalimantan Timur. Konfigurasi proses yang digunakan meliputi Acid Gas Removal menggunakan larutan MDEA, Gas Dehydration menggunakan molecular sieve 3Å, Natural Gas Recovery and Fractionation, serta Liquefaction menggunakan teknologi Propane Pre-cooled Mixed Refrigerant (C3MR). Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa rangkaian proses yang dirancang mampu menghasilkan produk utama berupa LNG dengan produk samping berupa compressed natural gas (CNG), etana, propana, butana, dan kondensat C5+, disertai penyusunan neraca massa, neraca energi, spesifikasi peralatan utama, kebutuhan utilitas, tata letak pabrik, serta rancangan awal P&ID dan Preliminary HAZOP. Evaluasi ekonomi menghasilkan Total Capital Investment (TCI) sebesar Rp. 18,278,146,767,058, Net Present Value (NPV) sebesar Rp. 1,007,726,545,875, Internal Rate of Return (IRR) sebesar 18,42%, dan Pay Out Time (POT) selama 6 tahun. Berdasarkan hasil evaluasi teknis dan ekonomi tersebut, rancangan pabrik Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) dinyatakan layak untuk didirikan.
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Natural gas is one of the strategic energy resources that plays a significant role in supporting national energy security due to its lower greenhouse gas emissions compared with other fossil fuels. The increasing demand for cleaner energy and the continuous growth of the domestic and global Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) market have encouraged the development of integrated natural gas liquefaction facilities to enhance the value of natural gas resources. Therefore, this study presents the pre-design of a Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) plant through the integration of natural gas purification and liquefaction processes. The plant design was carried out through market analysis, production capacity determination, plant location selection, process technology evaluation, process simulation, equipment design, material and energy balance calculations, utility design, plant layout development, preparation of the Piping and Instrumentation Diagram (P&ID), and economic feasibility evaluation. The plant capacity was determined at 3.35 million tonnes of LNG per annum (MTPA) based on the projected national LNG demand and the capacity of commercially operated LNG facilities. Based on a multi-criteria evaluation using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), followed by engineering validation, Bontang, East Kalimantan, was selected as the plant location. The selected process configuration consists of Acid Gas Removal (AGR) using MDEA solvent, Gas Dehydration using a 3Å molecular sieve, Natural Gas Recovery and Fractionation, and Liquefaction using the Propane Pre-cooled Mixed Refrigerant (C3MR) process. The process simulation demonstrated that the proposed process configuration can produce LNG as the main product, accompanied by compressed natural gas (CNG), ethane, propane, butane, and C5+ condensate as by-products. The design also includes complete material and energy balances, major equipment specifications, utility requirements, plant layout, preliminary P&ID, and Preliminary HAZOP. The economic evaluation resulted in a Total Capital Investment (TCI) of Rp. 18,278,146,767,058, a Net Present Value (NPV) of Rp. 1,007,726,545,875, an Internal Rate of Return (IRR) of 18.42%, and a Pay Out Time (POT) of 6 years. Based on both the technical and economic evaluations, the proposed Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) plant is considered economically feasible for construction.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG), Gas Alam, Pemurnian Gas, Liquefaction, Desain Pabrik.Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG), Natural Gas, Gas Purification, Fractionation, Liquefaction.
Subjects:	Q Science Q Science > QA Mathematics Q Science > QC Physics Q Science > QD Chemistry > QD117 Absorption Q Science > QD Chemistry > QD471 Chemical compounds - Structure and formulas Q Science > QD Chemistry > QD63.S4 Separation (Technology) Q Science > QD Chemistry > QD79.T38 Thermal analysis
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology > Chemical Engineering > 24201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Shafira Rahmani Azzahra
Date Deposited:	28 Jul 2026 01:19
Last Modified:	28 Jul 2026 01:19
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/137970

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