Studi Kinerja Struktural Desain Baru Sambungan Kering Balok-Kolom Beton Pracetak Menggunakan Metode Elemen Hingga (Finite Element Method)

Andriyanta, Swandhana Lutvie (2026) Studi Kinerja Struktural Desain Baru Sambungan Kering Balok-Kolom Beton Pracetak Menggunakan Metode Elemen Hingga (Finite Element Method). Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Sambungan balok–kolom merupakan salah satu komponen yang sangat menentukan kinerja struktur beton pracetak, terutama pada bangunan yang direncanakan untuk menahan beban gempa. Meskipun sistem beton pracetak memiliki berbagai keunggulan, seperti percepatan pelaksanaan konstruksi, peningkatan mutu fabrikasi, dan efisiensi pekerjaan di lapangan, pengembangan sambungan yang mampu memberikan perilaku struktural yang andal masih menjadi tantangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi kinerja struktural suatu sambungan inovatif balok–kolom beton pracetak yang menggunakan kombinasi profil baja, pelat sambungan, baut angkur, dan baut mutu tinggi melalui pendekatan numerik berbasis metode elemen hingga. Penelitian dilakukan dengan membandingkan dua model sambungan, yaitu Sambungan Monolitik (SM) sebagai model referensi dan Sambungan Inovatif (SI) sebagai model yang diusulkan. Analisis numerik dilakukan menggunakan perangkat lunak Abaqus dengan mempertimbangkan nonlinieritas material dan geometri. Beton dimodelkan menggunakan Concrete Damaged Plasticity (CDP), sedangkan komponen baja dimodelkan sebagai material elastoplastis. Pembebanan diterapkan secara monotonic pushover berbasis kontrol perpindahan. Parameter yang dievaluasi meliputi respons gaya–perpindahan, kekakuan awal, retak awal, yielding, kapasitas struktur, daktilitas, distribusi tegangan dan regangan, perkembangan kerusakan material, serta mode kegagalan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Sambungan Monolitik mencapai kapasitas maksimum sebesar 207,74 kN pada displacement 62,96 mm dengan nilai daktilitas sebesar 1,94 dan mengalami beam flexural failure. Sementara itu, Sambungan Inovatif mencapai beban maksimum tercatat sebesar 125,05 kN pada displacement 120 mm dengan nilai daktilitas sebesar 3,04. Hingga akhir analisis, kurva gaya–perpindahan Sambungan Inovatif masih menunjukkan kecenderungan meningkat sehingga kapasitas ultimit aktual belum tercapai. Distribusi tegangan, regangan, dan perkembangan kerusakan menunjukkan bahwa deformasi plastis terkonsentrasi pada komponen baja sambungan, sedangkan elemen beton utama tetap mempertahankan integritasnya. Mekanisme kegagalan yang terjadi dikategorikan sebagai steel connection controlled failure, yang menunjukkan bahwa konsep capacity design dan damage control design berhasil diterapkan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, Sambungan Inovatif memiliki kapasitas beban yang lebih rendah dibandingkan Sambungan Monolitik, namun menunjukkan daktilitas yang lebih tinggi, kapasitas deformasi yang lebih besar, serta mekanisme kerusakan yang lebih terkendali. Dengan demikian, sambungan yang dikembangkan berpotensi menjadi alternatif sistem sambungan balok–kolom beton pracetak yang mendukung kemudahan konstruksi sekaligus mempertahankan perilaku struktural yang daktail.
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Beam–column connections are among the most critical components affecting the structural performance of precast concrete systems, particularly in buildings designed to resist seismic loads. Although precast concrete offers several advantages, including faster construction, improved fabrication quality, and greater construction efficiency, developing connections capable of providing reliable structural performance remains a major challenge. This study aims to evaluate the structural performance of an innovative precast concrete beam–column connection incorporating steel sections, connection plates, anchor bolts, and high-strength bolts through a finite element analysis approach. The study was conducted by comparing two connection models: a Monolithic Connection (MC) as the reference model and an Innovative Connection (IC) as the proposed model. Numerical analyses were performed using Abaqus, considering both material and geometric nonlinearities. Concrete was modeled using the Concrete Damaged Plasticity (CDP) model, while the steel components were modeled as elastic–plastic materials. A displacement-controlled monotonic pushover loading was applied throughout the analysis. The evaluated parameters included the load–displacement response, initial stiffness, first cracking, yielding, structural capacity, ductility, stress and strain distributions, material damage evolution, and failure mode. The results indicate that the Monolithic Connection achieved a maximum load capacity of 207.74 kN at a displacement of 62.96 mm, with a ductility factor of 1.94, and exhibited a beam flexural failure mode. In contrast, the Innovative Connection reached a maximum recorded load of 125.05 kN at a displacement of 120 mm, with a ductility factor of 3.04. The load–displacement curve of the Innovative Connection continued to increase until the end of the analysis, indicating that its actual ultimate capacity had not yet been reached. The stress, strain, and damage distributions revealed that plastic deformation was concentrated in the steel connection components, while the primary concrete members maintained their structural integrity. The observed failure mechanism was classified as steel connection controlled failure, demonstrating the successful implementation of the capacity design and damage control design concepts. The findings indicate that, although the Innovative Connection exhibited a lower load-carrying capacity than the Monolithic Connection, it provided higher ductility, greater deformation capacity, and a more controlled failure mechanism. Therefore, the proposed connection has strong potential as an alternative beam–column connection system for precast concrete structures that facilitates construction while maintaining ductile structural behavior.

Item Type:	Thesis (Masters)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	beton pracetak, daktilitas, metode elemen hingga, sambungan balok–kolom, sambungan inovatif, beam–column connection, ductility, finite element method, innovative connection, precast concrete.
Subjects:	T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) > TA347 Finite Element Method
Divisions:	Faculty of Civil, Planning, and Geo Engineering (CIVPLAN) > Civil Engineering > 22101-(S2) Master Thesis
Depositing User:	Swandhana Lutvie Andriyanta
Date Deposited:	28 Jul 2026 04:02
Last Modified:	28 Jul 2026 04:02
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/138542

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