Studi Parameter Bukaan Sinusoidal pada Balok Baja Castella

Nissa, Dania Silsilatu (2026) Studi Parameter Bukaan Sinusoidal pada Balok Baja Castella. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Balok baja castella merupakan salah satu solusi efisien dalam konstruksi baja, karena mampu meningkatkan tinggi balok tanpa menambah material secara signifikan. Proses pembuatannya dilakukan dengan memotong balok baja konvensional pada bagian web menggunakan pola tertentu, kemudian disambung kembali sehingga menghasilkan elemen struktural yang lebih tinggi dan memiliki bukaan. Bukaan sinusoidal, memiliki performa struktural lebih baik dibandingkan bukaan hexagonal karena bentuknya yang melengkung dan minim konsentrasi tegangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh parameter jarak antar bukaan terhadap performa balok baja castella dengan bukaan sinusoidal bentang pendek, menengah, panjang dalam pengaruh beban statis dan siklik. Metode yang digunakan adalah simulasi numerik berbasis Finite Element Method (FEM) dengan perangkat lunak ABAQUS. Model numerik dikembangkan berdasarkan studi eksperimental terdahulu dan dimodifikasi dengan variasi jarak bukaan 100–300 mm (spesimen S_(0-100) s/d S_(0-300)). Pemodelan dilakukan pada balok dengan bentang 2000 mm (pendek), 5000 mm (menengah), dan 10000 mm (panjang).
Hasil penelitian statis menunjukkan bahwa kinerja struktural menurun seiring bertambahnya panjang bentang balok, dengan rata-rata kapasitas beban sebesar 140.14 kN (pendek), 116.99 kN (menengah), dan 116.37 kN (panjang). Berdasarkan respons momen–kurvatur dan energi serapan, balok bentang pendek memiliki performa terbaik, sedangkan bentang panjang memiliki performa terendah. Spesimen S_(0-250) menunjukkan daktilitas tertinggi pada semua variasi bentang untuk profil WF300x200 mutu BJ-41. Sementara itu, hasil analisis siklik menunjukkan bahwa analisis non-linear mampu merepresentasikan perilaku balok baja castella secara lebih komprehensif dibandingkan analisis linear. Di sisi lain, analisis linear menghasilkan respons yang lebih ideal karena struktur diasumsikan tetap berada pada kondisi elastis, sehingga lebih sesuai digunakan untuk evaluasi awal dan identifikasi distribusi tegangan.
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Castellated steel beams are one of the efficient solutions in steel construction, as they allow for increased beam depth without significantly adding material. They are manufactured by cutting a conventional steel beam along the web with a specific pattern, then weld the segments back together to form a taller structural element with web openings. Among various opening shapes, sinusoidal openings are believed to offer better structural performance than hexagonal ones due to their smooth curves and reduced stress concentrations. This research aims to evaluate the effect of opening spacing parameters on the performance of castellated steel beams with sinusoidal openings in short, middle, and long span applications. The study employs a numerical simulation approach based on the Finite Element Method (FEM) using ABAQUS/ANSYS software. This study uses the Finite Element Method (FEM) approach with ABAQUS software for a static load test. The numerical model was developed based on previous experimental studies and modified with variations in opening spacing of 100–300 mm (specimens S_(0-100) to S_(0-300)). The modeling was carried out on beams with spans of 2000 mm (short), 5000 mm (medium), and 10000 mm (long).
The static test results show that structural performance decreases as beam span length increases, with average load-carrying capacities of 140.14 kN (short span), 116.99 kN (medium span), and 116.37 kN (long span). Based on the moment–curvature response and energy absorption capacity, short-span beams exhibited the best performance, while long-span beams performed the worst. Specimen S_(0-250) exhibited the highest ductility across all span variations for WF300x200 steel grade BJ-41. Meanwhile, the cyclic analysis results indicate that nonlinear analysis represents the behavior of Castellated steel beams more comprehensively than linear analysis. On the other hand, linear analysis produces more idealized responses, as the structure is assumed to remain in an elastic state, making it more suitable for preliminary evaluation and the identification of stress distribution patterns.

Item Type:	Thesis (Masters)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Castellated beam, bentang pendek, bentang menengah, bentang panjang, balok , bukaan sinusoidal, jarak bukaan, beban statik, beban siklik, FEM, Castellated beam, short span, middle span, long span, sinusoidal opening, opening spacing, static load, cyclic load, FEM
Subjects:	T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) > TA169.5 Failure analysis T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) > TA347 Finite Element Method T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) > TA645 Structural analysis (Engineering)
Divisions:	Faculty of Civil, Planning, and Geo Engineering (CIVPLAN) > Civil Engineering > 22101-(S2) Master Thesis
Depositing User:	Dania Silsilatu Nissa
Date Deposited:	29 Jul 2026 03:33
Last Modified:	29 Jul 2026 03:33
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/138691

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