Fajar, Fajar (2026) Pengaruh Jenis Media dan Penyinaran LED Monokromatik terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Biokimia Pada Tanaman Gaharu (Aquilaria mallacensis) pada Kondisi In Vitro. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Gaharu (Aquilaria malaccensis) merupakan tanaman hutan bernilai ekonomi tinggi yang banyak dimanfaatkan dalam industri parfum, pengobatan, dan produk aromatik. Ketersediaan bibit masih terbatas akibat pertumbuhan yang lambat serta eksploitasi yang tinggi di alam, sehingga diperlukan metode perbanyakan yang efisien. Kultur jaringan secara in vitro merupakan salah satu alternatif, namun keberhasilannya dipengaruhi oleh faktor lingkungan, terutama media kultur dan kualitas cahaya.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh jenis media kultur dan spektrum cahaya LED monokromatik terhadap pertumbuhan morfologi, kandungan klorofil, dan karbohidrat planlet A. malaccensis secara in vitro. Penelitian menggunakan tiga jenis media, yaitu Murashige dan Skoog setengah konsentrasi (MS ½), Woody Plant Medium (WPM), dan Knudson, yang dikombinasikan dengan lima spektrum cahaya LED, yaitu putih, merah, biru, hijau, dan kuning. Parameter yang diamati meliputi jumlah daun, tinggi tanaman, jumlah dan panjang akar, berat segar, kandungan klorofil (a, b, dan total), serta kandungan karbohidrat (glukosa, fruktosa, sukrosa, dan pati).
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa media, spektrum cahaya LED, dan interaksi keduanya berpengaruh nyata hingga sangat nyata terhadap seluruh parameter yang diamati. Spektrum cahaya LED lebih dominan dalam mengatur pertumbuhan tajuk, terutama tinggi tanaman dan berat segar, sedangkan media kultur berperan dalam pembentukan dan perkembangan sistem perakaran. Kandungan klorofil dan karbohidrat dipengaruhi secara signifikan oleh kombinasi perlakuan, di mana media Knudson meningkatkan akumulasi glukosa, fruktosa, dan pati, sedangkan WPM meningkatkan sukrosa.
Berdasarkan analisis integratif menggunakan metode Simple Additive Weighting (SAW), kombinasi media MS ½ dengan LED biru merupakan perlakuan terbaik karena menghasilkan pertumbuhan morfologi, kandungan klorofil, dan keseimbangan karbohidrat yang paling optimal. Dengan demikian, kombinasi tersebut direkomendasikan untuk mendukung perbanyakan gaharu secara in vitro.
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Agarwood (Aquilaria malaccensis) is a high-value forest species widely utilized in the fragrance, medicinal, and cultural industries. However, its propagation remains limited due to slow growth and the scarcity of planting material. In vitro culture offers a promising alternative for mass propagation, although optimization of culture media and light quality is essential to improve plantlet growth and physiological performance.
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of different culture media and monochromatic LED light spectra on the morphological growth, chlorophyll content, and carbohydrate accumulation of A. malaccensis plantlets under in vitro conditions. Three culture media half strength Murashige and Skoog (½ MS), Woody Plant Medium (WPM), and Knudson medium were combined with five monochromatic LED spectra: white, red, blue, green, and yellow. Morphological parameters included number of leaves, plant height, number and length of roots, and fresh weight, while biochemical parameters consisted of chlorophyll (a, b, and total) and carbohydrate contents (glucose, fructose, sucrose, and starch).
The results showed that culture media, LED spectra, and their interaction significantly affected all observed parameters. Light quality played a dominant role in regulating shoot growth, particularly plant height and fresh weight, whereas culture media had a stronger influence on root development. Chlorophyll and carbohydrate contents were significantly influenced by treatment combinations. Knudson medium enhanced glucose, fructose, and starch accumulation, while WPM promoted sucrose accumulation. Blue and green LED spectra tended to increase carbohydrate content depending on the culture medium.
Based on integrative analysis using the Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) method, the combination of ½ MS medium with blue LED was identified as the most optimal treatment, as it provided balanced improvements in morphological growth, chlorophyll content, and carbohydrate distribution. This combination is therefore recommended for enhancing the physiological quality of agarwood plantlets and supporting efficient in vitro propagation..
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Aquilaria malaccensis, media kultur, LED monokromatik, kultur in vitro, klorofil, karbohidrat, Aquilaria malaccensis, culture media, monochromatic LED, in vitro culture, chlorophyll, carbohydrates |
| Subjects: | Q Science > QH Biology Q Science > QH Biology > QH75 Nature conservation. Landscape protection. Biodiversity conservation. Endangered species and ecosystems (General). Habitat conservation. Ecosystem management. Conservation biology Q Science > QK Botany > QK731 Growth (Plants) S Agriculture > SB Plant culture |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Science and Data Analytics (SCIENTICS) > Biology > 46101-(S2) Master Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Fajar Fajar |
| Date Deposited: | 29 Jul 2026 01:49 |
| Last Modified: | 29 Jul 2026 01:49 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/138839 |
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