Integrasi Model Hujan-Debit dan Simulasi 2D Untuk Pemetaan Risiko Banjir pada Sistem Drainase Wonorejo Kota Surabaya

Setiawan, Irfan Adiputra (2026) Integrasi Model Hujan-Debit dan Simulasi 2D Untuk Pemetaan Risiko Banjir pada Sistem Drainase Wonorejo Kota Surabaya. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Banjir perkotaan masih menjadi salah satu permasalahan utama di Kota Surabaya akibat meningkatnya alih fungsi lahan, keterbatasan kapasitas sistem drainase, serta pengaruh pasang surut laut. Salah satu kawasan dengan prioritas penanganan banjir tertinggi adalah Sistem Drainase Wonorejo–Rungkut. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan pemodelan hidrodinamika yang mampu merepresentasikan karakteristik genangan serta mendukung penilaian tingkat bahaya dan tingkat risiko banjir sebagai dasar evaluasi skenario penanganan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis karakteristik genangan pada Sistem Drainase Wonorejo–Rungkut melalui integrasi model hidrologi hujan–debit dengan model hidrodinamika 1D–2D pada kondisi existing maupun setelah penerapan skenario penanganan. Selain itu, penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi tingkat bahaya banjir berdasarkan metode Australian Institute for Disaster Resilience (AIDR) serta tingkat risiko banjir berdasarkan metode Badan Nasional Penanggulangan Bencana (BNPB) untuk mendukung penyusunan alternatif penanganan banjir di wilayah studi. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan perangkat lunak PCSWMM untuk memodelkan proses hujan–debit dan hidrodinamika 1D–2D secara terintegrasi. Curah hujan rancangan diperoleh melalui analisis frekuensi dengan distribusi hujan mengacu pada Surabaya Drainage Master Plan (SDMP). Model diuji melalui analisis sensitivitas mesh dan parameter hidrologi, kemudian dilakukan kalibrasi menggunakan data kejadian banjir tahun 2017 sebelum diterapkan pada simulasi kondisi existing dan empat skenario penanganan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan periode ulang hujan dari R2 hingga R50 menyebabkan peningkatan luas, volume, dan kedalaman genangan maksimum pada kondisi existing, dengan kondisi pasang menghasilkan luas genangan dan volume genangan lebih besar hingga 6,82% dan 8,65% dibandingkan kondisi surut. Pada kondisi penanganan, skenario kombinasi memberikan pengurangan karakteristik genangan terbesar dengan reduksi luas genangan mencapai 9,70% pada R10 dan 10,54% pada R25 serta reduksi volume genangan sebesar 10,77% pada R10 dan 11,76% pada R25. Penilaian bahaya banjir menggunakan metode AIDR menunjukkan bahwa skenario kombinasi memberikan penurunan proporsi luas bahaya terbesar, namun belum mampu menurunkan klasifikasi bahaya maksimum pada setiap kelurahan. Sementara itu, penilaian risiko banjir berdasarkan metode BNPB menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan periode ulang maupun penerapan seluruh skenario penanganan belum mengubah klasifikasi tingkat risiko banjir karena perubahan nilai bahaya relatif kecil, sedangkan komponen kerentanan dan kapasitas bersifat tetap.
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Urban flooding remains a major challenge in Surabaya due to land use changes, limited drainage capacity, and tidal influences. The Wonorejo–Rungkut Drainage System is one of the city's priority areas for flood mitigation. Therefore, integrated hydrologic–hydrodynamic modeling is required to characterize flood inundation and support flood hazard and risk assessments for evaluating mitigation scenarios. This study analyzes inundation characteristics in the Wonorejo–Rungkut Drainage System by integrating a rainfall–runoff hydrological model with a one-dimensional/two-dimensional (1D–2D) hydrodynamic model under existing and mitigation conditions. It also evaluates flood hazard using the Australian Institute for Disaster Resilience (AIDR) methodology and flood risk using the Indonesian National Disaster Management Agency (BNPB) methodology to support the development of appropriate flood mitigation strategies. PCSWMM was used to perform integrated rainfall–runoff and 1D–2D hydrodynamic modeling. Design rainfall was derived through frequency analysis, while the temporal rainfall distribution was adopted from the Surabaya Drainage Master Plan (SDMP). The model was evaluated through mesh and hydrological parameter sensitivity analyses and calibrated using observations from the 2017 flood event before being applied to the existing condition and four mitigation scenarios. The results indicate that increasing the rainfall return period from R2 to R50 increased the maximum inundation extent, volume, and depth under the existing condition. Tidal conditions produced inundation extents and volumes up to 6.82% and 8.65% greater, respectively, than low-tide conditions. Among the mitigation scenarios, the combined scenario achieved the greatest reductions, decreasing inundation extent by 9.70% for the R10 event and 10.54% for the R25 event, while inundation volume decreased by 10.77% and 11.76%, respectively. Flood hazard assessment based on the Australian Institute for Disaster Resilience (AIDR) methodology showed that the combined scenario produced the largest reduction in the proportion of hazardous areas but did not reduce the maximum hazard classification in each urban village. Flood risk assessment based on the Indonesian National Disaster Management Agency (BNPB) methodology indicated that neither increasing the rainfall return period nor implementing the mitigation scenarios changed the flood risk classification because the changes in hazard levels were relatively small, whereas the vulnerability and capacity components remained unchanged.

Item Type:	Thesis (Masters)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Bahaya Banjir, Banjir Perkotaan, Model Hidrodinamika 1D–2D, Risiko Banjir, Sistem Drainase Wonorejo–Rungkut, Flood Hazard, Urban Flooding, 1D–2D Hydrodynamic Model, Flood Risk, Wonorejo–Rungkut Drainage System
Subjects:	T Technology > T Technology (General) > T174.5 Technology--Risk assessment. T Technology > TC Hydraulic engineering. Ocean engineering > TC530 Flood control T Technology > TE Highway engineering. Roads and pavements > TE215 Drainage
Divisions:	Faculty of Civil, Planning, and Geo Engineering (CIVPLAN) > Civil Engineering > 22101-(S2) Master Thesis
Depositing User:	Irfan Adiputra Setiawan
Date Deposited:	28 Jul 2026 08:09
Last Modified:	28 Jul 2026 08:09
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/138942

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