Li Layyina, Naurafatin Najihah (2026) Pendekatan Game Theory dalam Menentukan Strategi Keseimbangan Penggunaan Transportasi Umum di Surabaya Berdasarkan Preferensi Frequent User (Studi Kasus: Mahasiswa ITS Surabaya). Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Tingginya mobilitas masyarakat di Kota Surabaya mendorong berkembangnya berbagai alternatif moda transportasi yang bersaing secara ketat. Persaingan ini terjadi di antara tiga moda transportasi umum yang secara aktif melayani mahasiswa, yaitu Suroboyo Bus, Wira-Wiri Suroboyo, dan layanan ride-hailing (transportasi berbasis aplikasi), dengan dimensi persaingan yang mencakup variabel waktu, biaya, kenyamanan, keamanan, dan aksesibilitas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis tingkat preferensi mahasiswa ITS Surabaya terhadap ketiga moda tersebut, membangun matriks payoff antar moda transportasi berdasarkan preferensi mahasiswa, serta menemukan titik keseimbangan persaingan menggunakan konsep Nash Equilibrium dalam kerangka teori permainan. Pengumpulan data primer dilakukan melalui penyebaran kuesioner berskala Likert kepada 121 mahasiswa aktif Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Surabaya yang pernah menggunakan setidaknya salah satu moda yang diteliti, yang telah dilakukan uji validitas dan reliabilitas untuk memverifikasi instrumen penelitian. Hasil analisis preferensi menunjukkan bahwa ride-hailing mendominasi pilihan mahasiswa pada aspek waktu (95,87%), kenyamanan (53,72%), dan aksesibilitas (86,78%), sedangkan Suroboyo Bus unggul pada aspek biaya (83,47%) dan keamanan (53,72%). Data kemudian ditransformasi menjadi nilai payoff melalui selisih rata-rata skor Likert antar moda dan disusun ke dalam tiga matriks permainan berpasangan, yaitu Suroboyo Bus vs. Wira-Wiri Suroboyo, Suroboyo Bus vs. ride-hailing, dan Wira-Wiri Suroboyo vs. ride-hailing. Analisis Nash Equilibrium terhadap ketiga matriks tersebut menghasilkan kondisi keseimbangan dalam bentuk pure Nash Equilibrium melalui identifikasi saddle point pada seluruh pasangan permainan. Titik keseimbangan pada permainan SB-WW berada pada kombinasi strategi biaya kedua moda dengan nilai payoff 0,24, sedangkan pada permainan SB-RH dan WW-RH, keseimbangan terjadi pada kombinasi strategi biaya moda pemerintah dan strategi aksesibilitas ride-hailing dengan nilai payoff masing-masing sebesar -0,36 dan -0,60. Hasil ini mempresentasikan bahwa biaya merupakan strategi dominan bagi moda transportasi pemerintah daerah, sementara aksesibilitas menjadi strategi dominan bagi ride-hailing. Temuan penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi dasar rekomendasi strategis bagi Dinas Perhubungan Kota Surabaya dan operator armada transportasi dalam mengembangkan layanan mereka secara efektif dan tepat sasaran.
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The high level of public mobility in the City of Surabaya has driven the development of various competing transportation alternatives with distinct service characteristics. This competition occurs among three public transportation modes actively serving students, namely Suroboyo Bus, Wira-Wiri Suroboyo, and ride-hailing services (app-based transportation), with competition dimensions spanning travel time, cost, comfort, safety, and accessibility. This study aims to analyze the preference level of ITS Surabaya students toward these three modes, construct a payoff matrix among the transportation modes based on student preferences, and identify the equilibrium point of the competition using the Nash Equilibrium concept within a game theory framework. Primary data were collected through a Likert-scale questionnaire distributed to 121 active students of Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Surabaya who had used at least one of the modes under study, with validity and reliability tests conducted beforehand to verify the research instrument. The preference analysis results indicate that ride-hailing dominates student choices in the dimensions of travel time (95.87%), comfort (53.72%), and accessibility (86.78%), while Suroboyo Bus excels in cost (83.47%) and safety (53.72%). The data were then transformed into payoff values through the difference in mean Likert scores between modes and arranged into three pairwise game matrices: Suroboyo Bus vs. Wira-Wiri Suroboyo, Suroboyo Bus vs. ride-hailing, and Wira-Wiri Suroboyo vs. ride-hailing. Nash Equilibrium analysis of all three matrices yielded equilibrium conditions in the form of pure Nash Equilibrium through saddle point identification across all game pairs. The equilibrium in the SB-WW game lies at the intersection of both modes' cost strategies with a payoff value of 0.24, while in the SB-RH and WW-RH games, equilibrium occurs at the combination of the government modes' cost strategy and ride-hailing's accessibility strategy, with payoff values of -0.36 and -0.60, respectively. These findings indicate that cost constitutes the dominant strategy for government-operated transportation modes, whereas accessibility serves as the dominant strategy for ride-hailing. The results of this study are expected to serve as a strategic recommendation basis for the Surabaya City Transportation Agency and fleet operators in developing their services effectively and in a well-targeted manner.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Other) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Teori Permainan, Nash Equilibrium, Strategi Keseimbangan, Permainan Non-Kooperatif, Transportasi Umum, Game Theory, Nash Equilibrium, Equilibrium Strategy, Non-Cooperative Game, Public Transportation. |
| Subjects: | Q Science > QA Mathematics > QA269 Game theory |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Industrial Engineering > 26201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Naurafatin Najihah Li Layyina |
| Date Deposited: | 28 Jul 2026 07:15 |
| Last Modified: | 28 Jul 2026 07:15 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/138961 |
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