Perancangan Model Bisnis Perhutanan Sosial Untuk Transformasi Kebun Sawit Masyarakat Di Kawasan Hutan

Hartako, Heru (2026) Perancangan Model Bisnis Perhutanan Sosial Untuk Transformasi Kebun Sawit Masyarakat Di Kawasan Hutan. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Transformasi kebun sawit masyarakat yang terlanjur berada dalam kawasan hutan negara merupakan tantangan multidimensi yang memerlukan pendekatan strategis dan adaptif, khususnya di Kalimantan Tengah dimana teridentifikasi 179.258 ha kebun sawit masyarakat berada di kawasan hutan. Penelitian ini bertujuan merancang model bisnis yang mendukung keberlanjutan usaha masyarakat melalui perhutanan sosial dengan skema jangka benah, sebuah proses transisi bertahap menuju usaha legal, berlanjutan dan berorientasi lingkungan. Metode meliputi pemetaan dan visualisasi model bisnis tradisional menggunakan Business Model Canvas (BMC), analisis eksternal dengan PESTEL dan Porter’s Five Forces, serta sintesis untuk perancangan BMC baru. Hasil analisis mengungkap bahwa legalitas dan akses pasar merupakan hambatan paling kritis yang menempatkan pekebun pada posisi risiko tinggi. Rancangan BMC baru menekankan pada legalitas usaha dan akses, diversifikasi komoditas, penguatan kelembagaan pekebun dan kemitraan, serta penciptaan aliran pendapatan yang legal. Validasi expert judgement menunjukkan rancangan ini layak diimplementasikan dan direplikasi. Kontribusi utama penelitian adalah penyediaan kerangka bisnis aplikatif sebagai pijakan awal bagi pemerintah dan pemangku kepentingan dalam merumuskan kebijakan transisi.
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Transforming community oil‑palm plantations that have already been established within state forest areas presents a multidimensional challenge requiring strategic and adaptive approaches, particularly in Central Kalimantan where 179,258 ha of community oil‑palm plots have been identified inside forest zones. This study aims to design a business model that supports the sustainability of community livelihoods through social forestry under a phased rehabilitation scheme, a phased transition toward legally compliant, sustainable, and environmentally oriented enterprises. Methods include mapping and visualizing the traditional business model using the Business Model Canvas (BMC), conducting external analyses with PESTEL and Porter’s Five Forces, and synthesizing these results to develop a new BMC. The analysis reveals that legality and market access are the most critical constraints, placing smallholders in a high risk position. The proposed BMC emphasizes legal compliance and access, commodity diversification, strengthening of farmer institutions and partnerships, and the creation of legitimate revenue streams. Expert judgement validation indicates that the proposed model is feasible for implementation and replication. The principal contribution of this research is an actionable business framework that can serve as an initial basis for government and stakeholders in formulating transition policies.

Item Type:	Thesis (Masters)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Perhutanan sosial, jangka benah, PESTEL, Porter’s Five Forces, Business Model Canvas (BMC) Social Forestry, Phased Rehabilitation, PESTEL, Porter’s FiveForces, Business Model Canvas (BMC)
Subjects:	H Social Sciences > HD Industries. Land use. Labor > HD30.23 Decision making. Business requirements analysis. H Social Sciences > HD Industries. Land use. Labor > HD58.87 Reengineering (Management) Business process
Divisions:	Interdisciplinary School of Management and Technology (SIMT) > 78201-System And Technology Innovation
Depositing User:	Heru Hartako
Date Deposited:	29 Jul 2026 01:33
Last Modified:	29 Jul 2026 01:33
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/138998

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