Studi Tekno-Ekonomi Scale-Up Produksi Hidroksiapatit Dari Limbah Cangkang Keong Sawah (Pila Ampullacea) Untuk Aplikasi Bone Graft

Denya, Alfidah Nur and Basyasyah, Adzrofil Tsabitah (2026) Studi Tekno-Ekonomi Scale-Up Produksi Hidroksiapatit Dari Limbah Cangkang Keong Sawah (Pila Ampullacea) Untuk Aplikasi Bone Graft. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Kebutuhan hidroksiapatit sebagai material bone graft terus meningkat seiring tingginya insiden fraktur dan defek tuntutan klinis. Di Indonesia, produksi hidroksiapatit masih bergantung pada bahan baku sintetis dan produk impor, sehingga mempengaruhi harga yang relatif tinggi dan ketersediaannya yang terbatas. Limbah cangkang keong sawah berpotensi dimanfaatkan sebagai sumber kalsium biogenik karena melimpah dan memiliki kandungan kalsium karbonat yang tinggi. Penelitian sebelumnya menunjukkan bahwa sintesis hidroksiapatit dari cangkang keong sawah dengan metode presipitasi pada skala laboratorium dapat menghasilkan produk yang memenuhi standar biomaterial medis berdasarkan rasio Ca/P dan derajat kristalinitas. Namun, penerapan proses tersebut pada skala yang lebih besar belum dievaluasi dari aspek teknis dan ekonomi. Penelitian ini dilakukan melalui tahapan pre-treatment cangkang keong sawah, pengeringan, penghancuran, kalsinasi, screening, sintesis hidroksiapatit menggunakan metode presipitasi, sintering, serta analisa ekonomi melalui perhitungan CAPEX, OPEX, HPP, NPV, IRR, dan payback period. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa karakterisasi menggunakan EDX, FTIR, SEM dan XRD menghasilkan hidroksiapatit dengan rasio Ca/P sebesar 1,60, gugus fungsi yang sesuai dengan standar hidroksiapatit Sigma-Aldrich, morfologi berbentuk batang pendek (rod-like) dengan tingkat aglomerasi yang relatif rendah, serta derajat kristalinitas sebesar 95,92%. Sedangkan perhitungan analisa ekonomi menghasilkan nilai NPV sebesar Rp781.227.688, IRR sebesar 65,18%, dan Payback Period selama 1,52 tahun, sehingga rancangan scale-up produksi hidroksiapatit berbasis limbah cangkang keong sawah dinilai layak untuk dikembangkan. ==============================================================================================================================
The demand for hydroxyapatite as a bone graft material continues to increase due to the rising incidence of fractures and bone defects requiring clinical treatment. In Indonesia, hydroxyapatite production still relies on synthetic raw materials and imported products, resulting in relatively high costs and limited availability. Rice field snail shell waste has significant potential as a source of biogenic calcium because it is abundant and contains a high concentration of calcium carbonate. Previous studies have demonstrated that hydroxyapatite synthesized from rice field snail shells using the precipitation method at the laboratory scale can produce materials that meet medical biomaterial standards in terms of the Ca/P ratio and degree of crystallinity. However, the application of this process on a larger scale has not yet been evaluated from technical and economic perspectives. This study consisted of rice field snail shell pre-treatment, drying, crushing, calcination, screening, hydroxyapatite synthesis using the precipitation method, sintering, and economic analysis through the calculation of CAPEX, OPEX, COGS, NPV, IRR, and payback period. The results showed that characterization using EDX, FTIR, SEM, and XRD confirmed the formation of hydroxyapatite with a Ca/P ratio of 1.60, functional groups consistent with the Sigma-Aldrich hydroxyapatite standard, a rod-like morphology with a relatively low degree of agglomeration, and a crystallinity of 95.92%. Furthermore, the economic analysis yielded an NPV of IDR 781,227,688, an IRR of 65.18%, and a payback period of 1.52 years, indicating that the proposed scale-up production of hydroxyapatite from rice field snail shell waste is economically feasible and has strong potential for further development.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Bone Graft, Cangkang Keong Sawah, Hidroksiapatit, Presipitasi, Scale-up==================================== Bone Graft, Rice Snail Shell, Hydroxyapatite, Precipitation, Scale-up
Subjects:	T Technology > TP Chemical technology T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP155.7 Chemical processes.
Divisions:	Faculty of Vocational > 24305-Industrial Chemical Engineering Technology
Depositing User:	Alfidah Nur Denya
Date Deposited:	29 Jul 2026 02:08
Last Modified:	29 Jul 2026 02:08
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/139031

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