Kusuma, Bima Candra (2026) Desain Geometri Baffle Melintang Pada Tangki Lpg Untuk Mereduksi Sloshing Effect Dan Analisis Kekuatan Struktur Pada Kondisi Kendaraan Berbelok Dengan Menggunakan Metode Cfd Dan Fem. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Transportasi Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) menggunakan kendaraan tangki memiliki peranan penting dalam mendukung distribusi energi bagi kebutuhan domestik maupun industri. Pada saat kendaraan berbelok, fluida LPG di dalam tangki mengalami fenomena sloshing akibat percepatan lateral yang menghasilkan beban dinamis pada dinding tangki. Kondisi ini berpotensi menurunkan stabilitas kendaraan serta meningkatkan beban yang diterima struktur tangki. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan desain baffle yang mampu mereduksi pergerakan fluida tanpa mengurangi kekuatan struktur. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh variasi geometri baffle melintang terhadap kemampuan reduksi sloshing dan respons struktur pada tangki LPG kapasitas 15 ton dengan tingkat pengisian 85%. Analisis dilakukan menggunakan pendekatan One Way Fluid Structure Interaction (FSI). Simulasi Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) pada ANSYS Fluent digunakan untuk memperoleh gaya hidrodinamis akibat kondisi kendaraan berbelok. Selanjutnya, hasil simulasi CFD digunakan sebagai pembebanan pada analisis struktur menggunakan metode Finite Element Method (FEM) di ANSYS Static Structural. Parameter yang dievaluasi meliputi Maximum Force, Deformation, Equivalent Stress, dan Principal Stress. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variasi geometri baffle memberikan pengaruh terhadap fenomena sloshing dan respons struktur. Desain OPT B menghasilkan gaya maksimum pada shell sebesar 1.735,54 N, atau mengalami penurunan sebesar 98,21% dibandingkan desain existing yang menghasilkan gaya maksimum sebesar 97.033,36 N. Berdasarkan hasil analisis FEM, desain OPT B menghasilkan deformasi maksimum sebesar 13,029 mm, Equivalent Stress sebesar 218,55 MPa, dan Principal Stress sebesar 254,82 MPa. Meskipun menghasilkan respons struktur yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan variasi lainnya, seluruh nilai tegangan masih berada di bawah batas luluh material SA 516 Grade 70 sehingga struktur dinyatakan aman. Berdasarkan hasil analisis CFD dan FEM, desain OPT B merupakan variasi baffle yang paling efektif pada penelitian ini karena mampu memberikan reduksi sloshing yang paling besar sekaligus memenuhi kriteria kekuatan struktur pada kondisi kendaraan berbelok.
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The transportation of Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) using road tank vehicles plays an important role in supporting energy distribution for domestic and industrial applications. During cornering, the LPG inside the tank experiences a sloshing phenomenon due to lateral acceleration, generating dynamic loads on the tank wall. This condition may reduce vehicle stability and increase the structural loading on the tank. Therefore, an appropriate baffle design is required to reduce fluid motion while maintaining the structural integrity of the tank. This study aims to investigate the effect of transverse baffle geometry on sloshing reduction and structural response in a 15 Ton LPG tank with an 85% filling ratio. A One Way Fluid Structure Interaction (FSI) approach was employed. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations were performed in ANSYS Fluent to determine the hydrodynamic forces generated during a cornering maneuver. The resulting loads were then transferred to ANSYS Static Structural for structural analysis using the Finite Element Method (FEM). The evaluated parameters included maximum hydrodynamic force, deformation, equivalent stress, and principal stress. The simulation results indicate that the baffle geometry significantly affects both sloshing behavior and structural response. The OPT B configuration produced the lowest maximum force acting on the tank shell, with a value of 1,735.54 N, representing a 98.21% reduction compared to the existing design, which generated a maximum force of 97,033.36 N. Based on the FEM analysis, the OPT B configuration resulted in a maximum deformation of 13.029 mm, an equivalent stress of 218.55 MPa, and a principal stress of 254.82 MPa. Although the structural response of OPT B was higher than that of the other configurations, all stress values remained below the yield strength of SA 516 Grade 70 steel, indicating that the structure satisfies the required strength criteria. Based on the combined CFD and FEM analyses, the OPT B configuration was identified as the most effective transverse baffle design in this study because it provided the greatest reduction in sloshing while maintaining structural performance within the allowable material limits under cornering conditions.
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