Sintesis Bimetallic Metal–Organic Framework Berbasis Vanillic Acid (CuMgVA) sebagai Adsorben Ramah Lingkungan untuk Degradasi Pewarna Azo

Thufailah, Gladys Sukma and Sukmana, Teresia Tabitha (2026) Sintesis Bimetallic Metal–Organic Framework Berbasis Vanillic Acid (CuMgVA) sebagai Adsorben Ramah Lingkungan untuk Degradasi Pewarna Azo. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Limbah cair industri tekstil yang mengandung zat warna sintetis, khususnya pewarna azo seperti Methyl Orange (MO), merupakan sumber pencemar yang persisten dan berbahaya bagi lingkungan perairan. Metode adsorpsi menjadi pendekatan yang efektif dalam pengolahan limbah zat warna karena mampu menghilangkan kontaminan secara efisien dari fase cair. Oleh karena itu, proyek akhir ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan Bimetallic Metal–Organic Framework (BMOF) CuMgVA berbasis Vanillic Acid sebagai ligan organik alami dan ion logam Cu²⁺–Mg²⁺ untuk aplikasi adsorpsi zat warna methyl orange. Material CuMgVA disintesis melalui metode batch berbasis koordinasi logam–ligan dan diaplikasikan sebagai adsorben untuk penghilangan zat warna methyl orange. Kinerja adsorpsi dievaluasi berdasarkan parameter kapasitas adsorpsi dan efisiensi penyisihan, pengaruh pH larutan dan perilaku adsorbsi melalui studi isoterm, kinetika, dan termodinamika adsorpsi dipelajari, serta reusabilitas adsorben dievaluasi pada proyek akhir ini. Konsentrasi methyl orange sebelum dan sesudah adsorpsi dianalisis menggunakan spektrofotometri UV–Vis, sedangkan karakterisasi material dilakukan menggunakan SEM, XRD, dan FTIR. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa kondisi sintesis optimum diperoleh pada rasio Cu:Mg sebesar 1:3 dengan NaOH 2,42 M pada suhu 30oC. Adsorben CuMgVA mampu mencapai removal efficiency sebesar 77,54–99,8% dengan kapasitas adsorpsi maksimum sebesar 1.23 hingga 7593 mg/g pada konsentrasi awal MO 25 – 200.000 ppm. Data isoterm mengikuti model Freundlich dan kinetika mengikuti model Pseudo First Order. Hal ini mengindikasikan bahwa proses adsorpsi berlangsung pada permukaan yang bersifat heterogen dengan kecenderungan mekanisme fisik yang dominan. Analisis termodinamika menunjukkan bahwa proses adsorpsi berlangsung secara spontan dan eksotermis. Studi pengaruh pH didapatkan kondisi pada pH 5 dengan removal efficiency sebesar 99,74%. Berdasarkan karakterisasi SEM, FTIR, dan XRD menunjukkan bahwa pewarna methyl orange berhasil teradsorpsi oleh CuMgVA. Selain itu, CuMgVA masih mempertahankan removal efficiency sebesar 80,69% setelah lima siklus penggunaan ulang pada larutan konsentrasi methyl orange 8000 ppm
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Industrial textile wastewater containing synthetic dyes, particularly azo dyes such as Methyl Orange (MO), is a persistent and hazardous source of pollution for aquatic environments. Adsorption methods are an effective approach to treating dye wastewater because they can efficiently remove contaminants from the liquid phase. Therefore, this final project aims to develop a Vanillic Acid-based Bimetallic Metal–Organic Framework (BMOF) CuMgVA as a natural organic ligand and Cu²⁺–Mg²⁺ metal ions for dye adsorption applications. This study sythesises CuMgVA material using a metal–ligand coordination-based batch method and applied as an adsorbent for the removal of methyl orange dye. The adsorption performance is evaluated based on the parameters of adsorption capacity and removal efficiency, the effect of solution pH and adsorption behaviour through isotherm, kinetic, and thermodynamic studies, as well as the reusability of the adsorbent. The concentration of methyl orange before and after adsorption is analysed using UV–Vis spectrophotometry, and the material is characterised using SEM, XRD, and FTIR. The results show that the optimum synthesis conditions were obtained at a Cu:Mg ratio of 1:3 with 2.42 M NaOH at a temperature of 30°C. The CuMgVA adsorbent achieved a removal efficiency of 77.54–99.8% with a maximum adsorption capacity ranging from 1.23 to 7593 mg/g at an initial MO concentration of 25–200,000 ppm. The isotherm data followed the Freundlich model, while the adsorption kinetics were described by the pseudo-first-order model. These results indicate that the adsorption process occurs on a heterogeneous surface with a dominant tendency toward a physical mechanism. Thermodynamic analysis revealed that the adsorption process is spontaneous and exothermic. The pH study showed that the optimum condition was achieved at pH 5, with a removal efficiency of 99.74%. Based on SEM, FTIR, and XRD characterization results, methyl orange dye was successfully adsorbed by CuMgVA. In addition, CuMgVA maintained a removal efficiency of 80.69% after five reuse cycles in a methyl orange solution with a concentration of 8000 ppm.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Adsorpsi, Bimetallic Metal–Organic Framework, CuMgVA, Methyl Orange, Vanillic acid Adsorption, Bimetallic Metal–Organic Framework, CuMgVA, Methyl orange, Vanillic acid
Subjects:	Q Science > QD Chemistry > QD63 Extraction Q Science > QD Chemistry > QD63.S4 Separation (Technology) Q Science > QD Chemistry > QD75.2 Chemistry, Analytic
Divisions:	Faculty of Vocational > 24305-Industrial Chemical Engineering
Depositing User:	Gladys Sukma Thufailah
Date Deposited:	29 Jul 2026 03:01
Last Modified:	29 Jul 2026 03:01
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/139253

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