Simulasi Pengendalian Banjir Melalui Optimasi Operasional Pompa Tenggang di Kelurahan Tambakrejo, Kota Semarang

Zhain, Erika Fiqri (2026) Simulasi Pengendalian Banjir Melalui Optimasi Operasional Pompa Tenggang di Kelurahan Tambakrejo, Kota Semarang. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Banjir merupakan permasalahan yang terjadi secara berulang di kawasan Semarang Timur, khususnya pada wilayah hilir sistem Sungai Tenggang seperti Genuk dan Kaligawe. Kondisi topografi dataran rendah dengan ketinggian 3,49 meter di atas permukaan laut menyebabkan keterbatasan aliran air secara gravitasi, sehingga air limpasan dan luapan sungai sulit surut. Permasalahan ini diperparah oleh tingginya intensitas curah hujan, kapasitas saluran yang tidak mencukupi akibat sedimentasi dan sampah, serta kinerja operasional Pompa Tenggang yang belum optimal. Ketidaksesuaian antara kapasitas pompa eksisting dengan beban limpasan air yang masuk memicu terjadinya efek air balik (backwater effect) dan meluasnya area genangan hingga ketinggian 80 cm atau bahkan lebih, yang berdampak signifikan terhadap produktivitas masyarakat. Metodologi pada Proyek Akhir ini mengintegrasikan analisis hidrologi dan hidrolika dengan memanfaatkan perangkat lunak HEC-RAS 7.0.1, ArcGIS, Global Mapper, dan Google Earth Pro. Analisis hidrologi dilakukan untuk menentukan debit banjir rancangan menggunakan metode Hidrograf Satuan Sintetis (HSS) Nakayasu, berdasarkan analisis curah hujan wilayah metode Poligon Thiessen dan distribusi hujan jam-jaman Mononobe. Selanjutnya, analisis hidrolika dilakukan melalui pemodelan penelusuran banjir (flood routing), evaluasi kurva lengkung kapasitas tampungan sungai, serta perhitungan kehilangan energi (headloss) dan kurva karakteristik pompa (kurva H-Q). Keseluruhan analisis ini bertujuan untuk mensimulasikan optimasi pola operasional Pompa Tenggang dan menyusun skenario alternatif pengendalian banjir tanpa memperhitungkan transpor sedimen maupun desain detail struktur bangunan. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa sistem Pompa Tenggang eksisting belum mampu melayani keseluruhan beban debit banjir rancangan secara maksimal. Pada kondisi eksisting, total luas genangan banjir mencapai 787,76 ha. Penerapan skenario pengendalian banjir dengan kondisi pintu ditutup mampu menurunkan luas genangan menjadi 598,99 ha (reduksi sebesar 23,96%). Sedangkan skenario kombinasi dengan bukaan pintu air terbukti paling efektif dalam meminimalkan luapan, yaitu menurunkan luas genangan menjadi 509,47 ha atau memberikan persentase reduksi genangan banjir sebesar 32,97%.
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Flooding is a recurring problem in the East Semarang area, particularly in the downstream region of the Tenggang River system, such as Genuk and Kaligawe. The low-lying topography, with an elevation of 3.49 meters above sea level, limits gravity-driven water flow, making it difficult for surface runoff and river overflow to recede. This issue is exacerbated by high rainfall intensity, insufficient channel capacity due to sedimentation and waste accumulation, as well as the suboptimal operational performance of the Tenggang Pump station. The disparity between the existing pump capacity and the incoming runoff load triggers a backwater effect and expands the inundated area to depths of 80 cm or more, which significantly impacts community productivity. The methodology of this Final Project integrates hydrological and hydraulic analyses utilizing HEC-RAS 7.0.1, ArcGIS, Global Mapper, and Google Earth Pro software. The hydrological analysis was conducted to determine the design flood discharge using the Nakayasu Synthetic Unit Hydrograph (SUH) method, based on regional rainfall analysis using the Thiessen Polygon method and Mononobe hourly rainfall distribution. Furthermore, the hydraulic analysis was executed through flood routing modeling, evaluation of the river storage capacity curve, as well as headloss calculations and pump characteristic curves (H-Q curves). This comprehensive analysis aims to simulate the optimization of the Tenggang Pump operational patterns and formulate alternative flood control scenarios without accounting for sediment transport or detailed structural design analyses. The analytical results indicate that the existing Tenggang Pump system is not yet capable of maximally handling the total design flood discharge load, thus requiring a systematic flood control plan. The implementation of a new operational scheme combined with control alternatives such as river normalization can achieve a flood inundation reduction of 32,97%.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Sungai Tenggang, Operasional Pompa, Banjir, Tenggang River, Pump Operation, Flood
Subjects:	T Technology > TC Hydraulic engineering. Ocean engineering > TC530 Flood control
Divisions:	Faculty of Vocational > 22301-Civil Infrastructure Engineering (D4)
Depositing User:	Erika Fiqri Zhain
Date Deposited:	04 Aug 2026 02:59
Last Modified:	04 Aug 2026 02:59
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/139324

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