Perancangan Sistem Otomatisasi Pengendalian Beban Listrik Perkantoran Berbasis IOT Untuk Efisiensi Energi

Panjaitan, Dedi Harianto (2026) Perancangan Sistem Otomatisasi Pengendalian Beban Listrik Perkantoran Berbasis IOT Untuk Efisiensi Energi. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh November.

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Abstract

Tingginya konsumsi listrik akibat kebocoran beban (vampire load) pengondisian udara (AC) setelah jam kerja operasional menjadi tantangan efisiensi di Stasiun Meteorologi Hang Nadim Batam. Penelitian ini bertujuan merancang dan mengimplementasikan sistem otomatisasi pengendalian beban AC berbasis Internet of Things (IoT) dengan kendali adaptif Anti-Toggle menggunakan integrasi skrip Python dan transmisi kabel RS485 demi menjamin stabilitas komunikasi pada gedung. Menggunakan metode eksperimental rancang bangun, sistem ini mengintegrasikan sensor daya PZEM-004T pada tiga sirkuit Miniature Circuit Breaker (MCB), sensor suhu DHT22 terkalibrasi terhadap standar Vaisala HMP155, serta protokol API AWS BMKG sebagai variabel kontrol otomatisasi via IR Blaster. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa arsitektur kabel RS485 mampu mentransmisikan data pemantauan secara kontinu dan stabil tanpa terpengaruh oleh hambatan sekat beton bangunan. Secara tekno-ekonomi, implementasi sistem berhasil menurunkan rata-rata konsumsi energi harian dari 43,72 kWh menjadi 37,60 kWh, atau menciptakan efisiensi bersih sebesar 13,99% (hemat 6,12 kWh/hari). Reduksi ini memangkas biaya operasional sebesar Rp265.247 per bulan (Rp3.227.171 per tahun) berdasarkan Tarif Dasar Listrik golongan P-1/TR Pemerintah. Penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa integrasi komponen IoT yang terverifikasi dapat menghasilkan pengembalian modal (Return on Investment) yang cepat sekaligus menjaga stabilitas termal perangkat operasional. =====================================================================================================================================
High electricity consumption caused by vampire loads from air conditioning (AC) units after operational hours poses a significant efficiency challenge at the Hang Nadim Meteorology Station in Batam. This study aims to design and implement an Internet of Things (IoT)-based automated AC load control system featuring an Anti-Toggle adaptive control mechanism, driven by Python scripts and RS485 wired transmission to ensure building-wide communication stability. Utilizing an experimental engineering design method, the system integrates a PZEM-004T power sensor across three Miniature Circuit Breaker (MCB) circuits, a DHT22 temperature sensor calibrated against a Vaisala HMP155 standard, and the BMKG AWS API protocol as automated control variables operating via an IR Blaster. Testing results indicate that the RS485 wired architecture successfully transmits monitoring data continuously and reliably, completely unaffected by the building's concrete wall obstructions. Techno economically, the system implementation successfully reduced the average daily energy consumption from 43.72 kWh to 37.60 kWh, achieving a net efficiency improvement of 13.99% (a savings of 6.12 kWh/day). This reduction cuts operational costs by IDR 265,247 per month (IDR 3,227,171 per year) based on the Government's P-1/TR tariff class. This research demonstrates that the integration of verified IoT components can yield a rapid Return on Investment (ROI) while simultaneously maintaining the thermal stability of operational equipment.

Item Type:	Thesis (Masters)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Anti-Toggle, Efisiensi Energi, IR Blaster, DHT22, PZEM-004T, Python, RS485, Internet of Things (IoT), AC Automation, Anti-Toggle Control, RS485 Communication, Energy Efficiency
Subjects:	T Technology > TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering > TK5103.2 Wireless communication systems. Two way wireless communication
Divisions:	Faculty of Intelligent Electrical and Informatics Technology (ELECTICS) > Electrical Engineering > 20101-(S2) Master Thesis
Depositing User:	Dedi Harianto Panjaitan
Date Deposited:	29 Jul 2026 01:15
Last Modified:	29 Jul 2026 01:15
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/139360

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