Aktivitas Antibakteri dan Antibiofilm Nanomeulsi Gaharu Merauke (Aquilaria malaccensis) Terhadap Bakteri E. coli Penghasil ESBL

Alfan, Hafidz Fadli (2026) Aktivitas Antibakteri dan Antibiofilm Nanomeulsi Gaharu Merauke (Aquilaria malaccensis) Terhadap Bakteri E. coli Penghasil ESBL. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Infeksi yang disebabkan oleh Escherichia coli penghasil Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL) menjadi tantangan dalam pengobatan karena tingginya resistensi antibiotik dan kemampuan membentuk biofilm. Gaharu Merauke (Aquilaria malaccensis) diketahui mengandung senyawa bioaktif yang berpotensi sebagai antibakteri dan antibiofilm. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi aktivitas antibakteri, antibiofilm, toksisitas, dan efektivitas proteksi nanoemulsi gaharu Merauke terhadap E. coli penghasil ESBL. Aktivitas antibakteri diuji menggunakan metode Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) dan Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) terhadap empat isolat E. coli ESBL (21, 90, 120, & 286). Aktivitas antibiofilm dianalisis dengan metode Crystal Violet, sedangkan uji toksisitas dan aktivitas proteksi menggunakan larva Galleria mellonella dan dianalisis melalui kurva Kaplan–Meier. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai MIC sebesar 250.000 ppm pada seluruh isolat E. coli ESBL yang diuji. Nilai MBC diperoleh pada isolat E. coli 21 sebesar 500.000 ppm. Nanoemulsi juga mampu menghambat pembentukan biofilm pada konsentrasi 1% dan 2% untuk seluruh isolat. Uji toksisitas menunjukkan bahwa nanoemulsi memiliki tingkat toksisitas akut yang relatif rendah terhadap G. mellonella. Pada uji proteksi, pemberian nanoemulsi setelah infeksi E. coli 286 meningkatkan tingkat kelangsungan hidup larva dengan survival tertinggi sebesar 26,7% pada perlakuan nanoemulsi 100%. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, nanoemulsi gaharu Merauke berpotensi sebagai agen antibakteri dan antibiofilm terhadap E. coli penghasil ESBL serta mampu memberikan efek protektif pada model infeksi G. mellonella.
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Infections caused by Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli pose a challenge in treatment due to high antibiotic resistance and the ability to form biofilms. Merauke agarwood (Aquilaria malaccensis) is known to contain bioactive compounds with potential antibacterial and antibiofilm properties. This study aims to evaluate the antibacterial and antibiofilm activities, toxicity, and protective efficacy of Merauke agarwood nanoemulsion against ESBL-producing E. coli. Antibacterial activity was tested using the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) methods against four ESBL-producing E. coli isolates (21, 90, 120, and 286). Antibiofilm activity was analyzed using the Crystal Violet method, while toxicity and protective efficacy tests were conducted on Galleria mellonella larvae and analyzed using the Kaplan–Meier curve. The results showed an MIC value of 250,000 ppm for all tested ESBL-producing E. coli isolates. The MBC value obtained for E. coli isolate 21 was 500,000 ppm. he nanoemulsion was also able to inhibit biofilm formation at concentrations of 1% and 2% for all isolates. Toxicity tests showed that the nanoemulsion had a relatively low level of acute toxicity toward G. mellonella. In the protective efficacy test, administration of the nanoemulsion following E. coli 286 infection increased larval survival rates, with the highest survival rate of 26.7% observed in the 100% nanoemulsion treatment group. Based on the research results, Merauke agarwood nanoemulsion has the potential to act as an antibacterial and antibiofilm agent against ESBL-producing E. coli and is capable of providing a protective effect in a G. mellonella infection model.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	A. malaccensis, nanoemulsion, E. coli ESBL, antibacterial, antibiofilm, nanoemulsi, antibakteri, antibiofilm
Subjects:	Q Science > QH Biology > QH541.15.T68 Toxicity testing Q Science > QR Microbiology Q Science > QR Microbiology > QR74.8 Bacteria
Divisions:	Faculty of Science and Data Analytics (SCIENTICS) > Biology > 46201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Hafidz Fadli Alfan
Date Deposited:	29 Jul 2026 04:47
Last Modified:	29 Jul 2026 04:47
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/139524

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