Kajian Aspek Tekno-Ekonomi dan Kebijakan Untuk Implementasi Sistem PLTS Atap Pada Industri Berat Menggunakan Metode SWOT (Strength, Weakness, Opportunity & Threat)

Rouza, Eka Setya (2026) Kajian Aspek Tekno-Ekonomi dan Kebijakan Untuk Implementasi Sistem PLTS Atap Pada Industri Berat Menggunakan Metode SWOT (Strength, Weakness, Opportunity & Threat). Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Surabaya.

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Abstract

Industri berat, khususnya fasilitas fabrikasi didominasi oleh aktivitas produksi pada siang hari. Di sisi lain, luas atap bangunan industri dan potensi energi surya di Batam memberikan peluang untuk mengimplementasikan PLTS Atap. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji aspek teknis, ekonomi, dan kebijakan serta merumuskan strategi dan tahapan implementasi PLTS Atap pada industri berat menggunakan metode SWOT. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kuantitatif dengan studi kasus pada Zona-1 serta kajian teknis dilakukan menggunakan perangkat lunak PVsyst dengan mempertimbangkan luas efektif atap, potensi radiasi matahari, konfigurasi modul dan inverter, shading, rugi-rugi sistem, serta Performance Ratio (PR). Kajian ekonomi menggunakan pendekatan Life Cycle Cost Analysis selama 25 tahun yang mencakup CAPEX, OPEX, Levelized Cost of Electricity (LCOE), Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), dan payback period. Kajian kebijakan mencakup Permen ESDM Nomor 2 Tahun 2024, RUPTL PLN 2021–2030, target Net Zero Emission Indonesia 2060, program JETP, serta pengembangan SIZ daerah Batam–Bintan–Karimun. Hasil ketiga kajian tersebut diintegrasikan ke dalam analisis SWOT kuantitatif melalui matriks IFE dan EFE. Hasil teknis PLTS Atap berkapasitas 1.615 kWp dengan 3.940 modul dan produksi energi tahun pertama sekitar 2,014 GWh/tahun serta PR pada rentang 74,7–80,7%. Total investasi diperkirakan sebesar Rp16,55 miliar. Kajian ekonomi menghasilkan LCOE sebesar Rp595/kWh < tarif listrik industry sebesar Rp1.115/kWh, NPV positif sebesar Rp17,41 miliar, IRR sebesar 12,04% melampaui diskonto 4,75%, serta PBP pada tahun ke-12. Dari aspek kebijakan, pendekatan self-consumption sesuai dengan karakteristik beban industri pada siang hari dan tetap memberikan manfaat ekonomi. Analisis SWOT menghasilkan koordinat positif sebesar X = 0,24 dan Y = 0,20, yang menempatkan perusahaan pada Kuadran I atau Growth Strategy. Strategi utama yang direkomendasikan adalah strategi SO melalui implementasi PLTS Atap secara bertahap. Dengan demikian, hasil penelitian ini diimplementasikan sebagai bagian dari strategi efisiensi energi, ketahanan operasi, ESG, dan dekarbonisasi industri berat.
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Heavy industry, especially fabrication facilities, usually carry out their production activities during the day. On the other hand, the large roof area of industrial buildings and the solar energy potential in Batam can be used to install rooftop solar PV systems. This study aims to review the technical, economic, and policy aspects and to develop strategies and implementation steps for rooftop solar PV in heavy industry using a SWOT method. The research uses a quantitative descriptive approach with a case study in Zone-1, and the technical analysis is done using PVsyst software, taking into account effective roof area, solar radiation potential, module and inverter configuration, shading, system losses, and Performance Ratio (PR). Meanwhile, the economic analysis uses a 25-year Life Cycle Cost Analysis approach, covering CAPEX, OPEX, Levelized Cost of Electricity (LCOE), Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), and payback period. Policy studies cover the ESDM Regulation No. 2 of 2024, PLN's RUPTL 2021–2030, Indonesia's 2060 Net Zero Emission target, the JETP program, and the development of the Batam–Bintan–Karimun Special Industrial Zone. The results of these three studies are integrated into a quantitative SWOT analysis using the IFE and EFE matrices. The technical results for a 1,615 kWp rooftop solar power plant with 3,940 modules show a first-year energy production of around 2.014 GWh/year and a performance ratio ranging from 74.7–80.7%. The total investment is estimated at IDR 16.55 billion. The economic analysis shows an LCOE of IDR 595/kWh < industrial electricity tariff of IDR 1,115/kWh, a positive NPV of IDR 17.41 billion, an IRR of 12.04% exceeding the discount rate of 4.75%, and a payback period in year 12. From a policy perspective, the self-consumption approach suits the characteristics of industrial daytime loads and still provides economic benefits. The SWOT analysis produced positive coordinates of X = 0.24 and Y = 0.20, placing the company in Quadrant I, or the Growth Strategy. The main recommended strategy is the SO strategy through the gradual implementation of rooftop solar panels. So, the results of this study are being applied as part of an energy efficiency, operational resilience, ESG, and heavy industry decarbonization strategy.

Item Type:	Thesis (Masters)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	PLTS atap, industri berat,kajian tekno-ekonomi, kebijakan energi, SWOT Rooftop PV, heavy industry, techno-economic assessment, energy policy, SWOT
Subjects:	T Technology > T Technology (General) > T174.5 Technology--Risk assessment.
Divisions:	Interdisciplinary School of Management and Technology (SIMT) > 78201-System And Technology Innovation
Depositing User:	Eka Setya Rouza
Date Deposited:	30 Jul 2026 04:33
Last Modified:	30 Jul 2026 04:33
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/139593

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