Studi Numerik Pengaruh Co-firing 10 Persen Hidrogen dan 10 Persen Amonia pada Elevasi A & B terhadap Distribusi Temperatur dan Emisi pada Boiler PLTU 210 MW

Ananto, Rizky Pratama (2026) Studi Numerik Pengaruh Co-firing 10 Persen Hidrogen dan 10 Persen Amonia pada Elevasi A & B terhadap Distribusi Temperatur dan Emisi pada Boiler PLTU 210 MW. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Sebagian besar produksi energi listrik di Indonesia masih bergantung pada Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Uap (PLTU) berbahan bakar batu bara yang menjadi salah satu penyumbang utama emisi gas rumah kaca. Untuk mendukung target Net Zero Emission 2060 dan peningkatan pemanfaatan Energi Baru Terbarukan (EBT), diperlukan teknologi transisi yang mampu menekan emisi, salah satunya melalui penerapan co-firing amonia dan hidrogen. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh co-firing 10% amonia dan 10% hidrogen terhadap distribusi temperatur, pembentukan H₂O, serta emisi CO₂ dan NOx pada boiler PLTU tipe pulverized coal berkapasitas 210 MW. Simulasi numerik tiga dimensi dilakukan menggunakan Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) ANSYS Fluent berdasarkan model PLTU Pangkalan Susu dengan variasi injeksi pada Burner A dan Burner B. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa temperatur Furnace Exit Gas Temperature (FEGT) menurun dari 1176 °C pada kondisi 100% batu bara menjadi 1153–1158 °C pada co-firing amonia dan 1159–1164 °C pada co-firing hidrogen, seiring meningkatnya fraksi massa H₂O hasil pembakaran. Emisi CO₂ di outlet boiler juga mengalami penurunan pada seluruh skenario karena amonia dan hidrogen tidak mengandung unsur karbon. Dari sisi emisi NOx, co-firing amonia mampu menurunkan konsentrasi NOx dibandingkan pembakaran batu bara, sedangkan co-firing hidrogen meningkatkan pembentukan NOx akibat temperatur pembakaran yang lebih tinggi dan pembentukan Thermal NOx. Selain itu, perbedaan lokasi injeksi pada Burner A dan Burner B tidak memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap distribusi temperatur maupun emisi.
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Most electricity generation in Indonesia still relies on coal-fired power plants, which are among the major contributors to greenhouse gas emissions. To support the Net Zero Emission 2060 target and increase the utilization of renewable energy, transitional technologies that can reduce emissions are required, one of which is the implementation of ammonia and hydrogen co-firing. This study aims to analyze the effects of 10% ammonia and 10% hydrogen co-firing on temperature distribution, H₂O formation, and CO₂ and NOx emissions in a 210 MW pulverized coal-fired boiler. Three-dimensional numerical simulations were performed using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) with ANSYS Fluent based on the Pangkalan Susu Power Plant model, considering fuel injection at Burner A and Burner B. The simulation results show that the Furnace Exit Gas Temperature (FEGT) decreased from 1176 °C under 100% coal combustion to 1153–1158 °C for ammonia co-firing and 1159–1164 °C for hydrogen co-firing, accompanied by an increase in the H₂O mass fraction. CO₂ emissions at the boiler outlet also decreased in all co-firing scenarios because neither ammonia nor hydrogen contains carbon. In terms of NOx emissions, ammonia co-firing reduced NOx concentrations compared with conventional coal combustion, whereas hydrogen co-firing increased NOx formation due to higher combustion temperatures and enhanced Thermal NOx formation. In addition, the difference between fuel injection at Burner A and Burner B had no significant effect on temperature distribution or emissions.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Amonia, Boiler, Co-firing, Computational Fluid Dynamics, Hidrogen, Ammonia, Hydrogen.
Subjects:	T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ164 Power plants--Design and construction T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ263 Heat exchangers T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery > TJ263.5 Boilers (general)
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Mechanical Engineering > 21201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Rizky Pratama Ananto
Date Deposited:	29 Jul 2026 07:58
Last Modified:	29 Jul 2026 07:58
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/139810

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