Pengaruh Kecepatan Putar dan Waktu Pengadukan Terhadap Homogenitas dan Pola Alir Fluida Proses Saponifikasi pada Side Entry Dual Impeller Mixer

Hadiningrum, Elsa Febriana (2026) Pengaruh Kecepatan Putar dan Waktu Pengadukan Terhadap Homogenitas dan Pola Alir Fluida Proses Saponifikasi pada Side Entry Dual Impeller Mixer. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Proses saponifikasi minyak jelantah menggunakan larutan kalium hidroksida (KOH) memerlukan sistem pengadukan yang mampu menghasilkan distribusi fluida yang merata agar reaksi berlangsung optimal. Perbedaan sifat fisik antara minyak dan larutan KOH berpotensi menimbulkan zona stagnan yang dapat menurunkan homogenitas campuran dan efisiensi perpindahan massa. Pada proyek akhir ini, tangki berpengaduk ganda side entry dirancang untuk pencampuran zat berviskositas variatif pada tangki berkapasitas besar. Namun, dalam pengaplikasiannya belum optimal karena terdapat beberapa faktor yang mempengaruhi seperti; jenis, kecepatan putar, posisi pemasangan, dan diameter pengaduk. Proyek akhir ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh kecepatan putar dan waktu pengadukan terhadap pola aliran dan kontur distribusi fluida terhadap homogenitas. Selain itu menentukankoefisien perpindahan massa dan korelasinya terhadap bilangan tak berdimensi pada side entry dual mixer dengan metode CFD dan visual menggunakan jenis impeller dual4-PBT pada kecepatan putar 300, 400, 500, 600 serta 700 rpm kecepatan putar 500, 550, 600, 650, dan 700 rpm serta waktu pengadukan 20, 30, 40, 50, dan 60 menit. Hasil yang didapatkan yaitu peningkatan kecepatan putar menghasilkan pola aliran aksial-radial yang lebih luas sehingga distribusi larutan KOH dalam minyak menjadi lebih merata. Homogenitas campuran meningkat seiring bertambahnya kecepatan putar dan waktu pengadukan, dengan nilai homogenitas tertinggi sebesar 0,9989 pada kecepatan 700 rpm dan waktu pengadukan 40 menit. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, konfigurasi SEM dual 4-PBT dapat direkomendasikan untuk aplikasi industri pada tangki berkapasitas besar, karena mampu memberikan homogenitas optimal dengan mixing time singkat.
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The saponification process of waste cooking oil using potassium hydroxide (KOH) solution requires an effective mixing system to ensure uniform fluid distribution and optimal reaction performance. Differences in the physical properties of oil and KOH solution may lead to the formation of stagnant zones, which can reduce mixture homogeneity and mass transfer efficiency. In this final project, a side-entry dual impeller mixer was designed for mixing fluids with varying viscosities in a large-capacity tank. However, its performance is influenced by several factors, including impeller type, rotational speed, installation position, and impeller diameter. This study aims to investigate the effects of rotational speed and mixing time on fluid flow patterns, fluid distribution contours, and homogeneity. In addition, the mass transfer coefficient and its correlation with dimensionless numbers were determined using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and experimental visualization methods. The study employed a dual 4-pitched blade turbine (4-PBT) impeller with rotational speed variations of 500, 550, 600, 650, and 700 rpm, and mixing times of 20, 30, 40, 50, and 60 minutes. The results showed that increasing the rotational speed generated broader axial-radial flow patterns, resulting in a more uniform distribution of KOH solution within the oil phase. Mixture homogeneity improved with increasing rotational speed and mixing time, reaching the highest homogeneity value of 0.9989 at 700 rpm and 40 minutes of mixing. Based on these findings, the dual 4-PBT side-entry mixer configuration is recommended for large-scale industrial applications due to its ability to achieve optimal homogeneity with a relatively short mixing time.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Homogenitas, Saponifikasi, Side Entry Mixer, Homogenity, Saponification, Side Entry Mixer
Subjects:	T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) > TA357 Computational fluid dynamics. Fluid Mechanics T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP155.7 Chemical processes.
Divisions:	Faculty of Vocational > 24305-Industrial Chemical Engineering Technology
Depositing User:	Elsa Febriana Hadiningrum
Date Deposited:	29 Jul 2026 03:23
Last Modified:	29 Jul 2026 03:23
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/139853

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