Umardi, Ziqri (2026) Analisis Dampak Pembentukan Subsistem Terhadap Perubahan Pola Operasi Pembangkit Sistem Kelistrikan Sumatera, Biaya Pokok Produksi, dan Pencapaian Target Bauran Energi Tahun 2025. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Sistem Interkoneksi Kelistrikan Sumatera merupakan sistem kelistrikan terbesar kedua di Indonesia dengan panjang jaringan sekitar 1.650 km yang menghubungkan berbagai wilayah melalui jaringan transmisi 275 kV dan 150 kV. Ketidakseimbangan lokasi pembangkit dan pusat beban menyebabkan tingginya transfer daya antar wilayah, khususnya dari Sumatera Bagian Selatan menuju Sumatera Bagian Tengah dan Utara. Kondisi tersebut meningkatkan kerentanan sistem terhadap gangguan meluas sebagaimana yang terjadi pada gangguan sistem tanggal 4 Juni dan 8 Oktober 2024. Salah satu strategi yang direncanakan untuk meningkatkan keandalan sistem adalah pembentukan subsistem melalui operasi terpisah jaringan 150 kV setelah beroperasinya transmisi 500 kV Nadri–Peranap–Perawang. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis dampak pembentukan subsistem terhadap pola operasi pembangkit, bauran energi, dan Biaya Pokok Produksi (BPP) Sistem Kelistrikan Sumatera tahun 2025. Simulasi dilakukan menggunakan aplikasi Joint Resource Optimization and Scheduler (jROS) dengan pendekatan unit commitment dan economic dispatch. Evaluasi teknis dilakukan melalui analisis aliran daya, profil tegangan, tingkat hubung singkat, dan kontingensi untuk memastikan kelayakan operasi subsistem yang dibentuk. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa seluruh subsistem memenuhi kriteria operasi yang dipersyaratkan, baik dari aspek profil tegangan, tingkat hubung singkat, maupun keandalan kontingensi N-1 dan N-1-1. Pembentukan subsistem meningkatkan pemanfaatan pembangkit lokal, khususnya pada Subsistem New Aur Duri. Dari sisi bauran energi terjadi peningkatan pembangkitan berbahan bakar gas sebesar 186,78 GWh dan penurunan pembangkitan berbahan bakar batubara sebesar 184,82 GWh, sementara kontribusi energi terbarukan relatif tidak berubah. Dampak ekonomi berupa kenaikan biaya bahan bakar sebesar Rp39,40 miliar dan peningkatan BPP dari 1.395,89 Rp/kWh menjadi 1.396,63 Rp/kWh atau sekitar 0,05%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pembentukan subsistem mampu meningkatkan fleksibilitas dan kemandirian operasi pada masing-masing wilayah tanpa memberikan konsekuensi ekonomi yang signifikan terhadap operasi Sistem Kelistrikan Sumatera.
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The Sumatra Interconnected Power System is the second-largest electricity system in Indonesia, with approximately 1,650 km of transmission network connecting various regions through 275 kV and 150 kV transmission lines. The imbalance between generation locations and load centers causes significant inter-regional power transfers, particularly from Southern Sumatra to Central and Northern Sumatra. This condition increases the system's vulnerability to widespread disturbances, as experienced during the system disturbances on June 4 and October 8, 2024. One of the strategies proposed to improve system reliability is the implementation of subsystem formation through separated operation of the 150 kV network following the commissioning of the Nadri–Peranap–Perawang 500 kV transmission line. This study aims to analyze the impact of subsystem formation on generation dispatch patterns, energy mix, and Generation Cost (BPP) of the Sumatra Power System in 2025. Simulations were conducted using the Joint Resource Optimization and Scheduler (jROS) application based on unit commitment and economic dispatch approaches. Technical evaluations were performed through load flow, voltage profile, short-circuit level, and contingency analyses to verify the operational feasibility of the proposed subsystems. The results indicate that all proposed subsystems satisfy the required operational criteria in terms of voltage profile, short-circuit level, and N-1 as well as N-1-1 contingency reliability. Subsystem formation increases the utilization of local generating units, particularly within the New Aur Duri Subsystem. From the energy mix perspective, gas-fired generation increases by 186.78 GWh, while coal-fired generation decreases by 184.82 GWh, whereas the contribution of renewable energy remains relatively unchanged. The economic impact is relatively small, as indicated by an increase in fuel cost of IDR 39.40 billion and an increase in generation cost from IDR 1,395.89/kWh to IDR 1,396.63/kWh, or approximately 0.05%. The study concludes that subsystem formation can enhance operational flexibility and regional self-sufficiency without causing significant economic consequences to the operation of the Sumatra Power System. Therefore, subsystem formation can be considered an alternative strategy to improve system reliability while maintaining operational efficiency.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Sistem Kelistrikan Sumatera, subsistem, economic dispatch, jROS, bauran energi, biaya pokok produksi, keandalan sistem. Sumatra Power System, subsystem, economic dispatch, jROS, energy mix, generation cost, system reliability. |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering > TK201 Electric Power Transmission |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Electrical Technology > Electrical Engineering > 20101-(S2) Master Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Ziqri Umardi |
| Date Deposited: | 30 Jul 2026 01:50 |
| Last Modified: | 30 Jul 2026 01:50 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/140022 |
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