Hirang, Madindi (2026) Evaluasi Kinerja Seismik Gedung Rumah Sakit Anutapura Palu Menggunakan Sistem Lead Rubber Bearing dan Friction Pendulum Bearing Berbasis Metode Elemen Hingga. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Kota Palu merupakan salah satu wilayah dengan tingkat bahaya seismik tertinggi di Indonesia akibat keberadaan Sesar Palu–Koro yang aktif. Gempa bumi tahun 2018 menyebabkan kerusakan berat pada berbagai infrastruktur strategis, termasuk Gedung Anutapura Medical Center (AMC) Rumah Sakit Anutapura Palu. Kondisi tersebut menunjukkan pentingnya penerapan sistem struktur tahan gempa yang mampu mempertahankan kinerja bangunan vital selama dan setelah kejadian gempa. Salah satu teknologi yang banyak diterapkan adalah base isolation, namun kajian yang membandingkan efektivitas Lead Rubber Bearing (LRB) dan Friction Pendulum Bearing (FPB) pada bangunan rumah sakit di wilayah dekat sesar aktif menggunakan pendekatan Finite Element Method (FEM) masih relatif terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi dan membandingkan kinerja kedua sistem isolasi tersebut terhadap respons seismik Gedung Anutapura Medical Center (AMC) Rumah Sakit Anutapura Palu. Penelitian dilakukan melalui pemodelan numerik menggunakan ETABS dan ANSYS. Struktur dianalisis dalam tiga kondisi, yaitu fixed base dengan analisis respons spektrum, struktur dengan Lead Rubber Bearing (LRB) menggunakan analisis riwayat waktu (time history), serta struktur dengan Friction Pendulum Bearing (FPB) menggunakan analisis riwayat waktu. Pemodelan global dilakukan menggunakan ETABS untuk memperoleh parameter respons struktur berupa periode alami, simpangan lateral, dan gaya geser dasar (base shear), sedangkan pemodelan detail isolator menggunakan ANSYS untuk mengevaluasi karakteristik mekanik berupa kekakuan, disipasi energi, maximum strain energy, dan shear damping. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan sistem Lead Rubber Bearing (LRB) meningkatkan periode struktur menjadi 2,869 detik, mereduksi simpangan sebesar 17,21%, dan menurunkan gaya geser dasar sebesar 60,89% dibandingkan sistem fixed base. Sementara itu, penggunaan Friction Pendulum Bearing (FPB) menghasilkan periode alami 2,588 detik, mereduksi simpangan sebesar 22,49%, serta menurunkan gaya geser dasar sebesar 55,97%. Hasil tersebut menunjukkan bahwa LRB lebih efektif dalam mereduksi gaya geser dasar dan gaya lateral struktur, sedangkan FPB memberikan kinerja yang lebih baik dalam mengurangi simpangan struktur. Analisis elemen hingga juga menunjukkan bahwa FPB memiliki nilai kekakuan, disipasi energi, dan shear damping yang lebih tinggi pada beberapa variasi model, yang mengindikasikan kapasitas disipasi energi yang lebih baik selama pembebanan gempa. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi dalam mengevaluasi efektivitas dua sistem base isolation pada bangunan rumah sakit di kawasan sesar aktif melalui pendekatan Finite Element Method (FEM). Hasil penelitian diharapkan menjadi referensi teknis dalam pemilihan sistem isolasi gempa yang sesuai untuk bangunan fasilitas penting di wilayah rawan gempa, sekaligus mendukung pengembangan perencanaan bangunan tahan gempa berbasis kinerja (performance-based seismic design) di Indonesia.
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Palu City is one of the regions with the highest seismic hazard in Indonesia due to the presence of the active Palu–Koro Fault. The 2018 earthquake caused severe damage to critical infrastructures, including the Anutapura Medical Center (AMC) Hospital Building, highlighting the necessity of implementing structural systems capable of maintaining both structural integrity and operational functionality during and after major seismic events. Among various seismic protection technologies, base isolation systems have been widely recognized for their ability to reduce earthquake-induced structural responses. However, comparative studies evaluating the effectiveness of Lead Rubber Bearing (LRB) and Friction Pendulum Bearing (FPB) for hospital buildings located near active fault zones using the Finite Element Method (FEM) remain limited. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate and compare the seismic performance of these two base isolation systems for the Anutapura Medical Center (AMC) Hospital Building in Palu. The study was conducted through numerical simulations using ETABS and ANSYS. Three structural models were investigated, namely a fixed-base structure subjected to response spectrum analysis, a structure equipped with Lead Rubber Bearings (LRB) analyzed using nonlinear time-history analysis, and a structure equipped with Friction Pendulum Bearings (FPB) analyzed using nonlinear time-history analysis. Global structural responses, including the natural period, lateral displacement, and base shear, were evaluated using ETABS, while detailed finite element models of the LRB and FPB isolators were developed in ANSYS to assess their mechanical characteristics, including stiffness, energy dissipation, maximum strain energy, and shear damping. The results indicate that the Lead Rubber Bearing (LRB) system increased the fundamental period of the structure to 2.869 s, reduced lateral displacement by 17.21%, and decreased base shear by 60.89% compared with the fixed-base system. Meanwhile, the Friction Pendulum Bearing (FPB) system produced a structural period of 2.588 s, reduced lateral displacement by 22.49%, and decreased base shear by 55.97%. These findings demonstrate that the LRB system is more effective in reducing base shear and overall lateral seismic forces, whereas the FPB system provides superior performance in minimizing structural displacement. Furthermore, the finite element analysis revealed that FPB exhibits higher stiffness, energy dissipation capacity, and shear damping than LRB in several developed numerical models, indicating its greater capability to dissipate seismic energy during earthquake loading. This study contributes to the evaluation of two widely used base isolation systems for hospital buildings located in active fault regions through a comprehensive Finite Element Method (FEM) approach. The findings provide valuable technical references for selecting appropriate seismic isolation systems for essential facilities in high-seismic regions and support the implementation of performance-based seismic design for earthquake-resistant hospital buildings in Indonesia.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Base Isolation, Lead Rubber Bearing, Friction Pendulum Bearing, Finite Element Method, ANSYS, ETABS, Respons Seismik, Rumah Sakit Tahan Gempa. Base Isolation, Lead Rubber Bearing, Friction Pendulum Bearing, Finite Element Method, ANSYS, ETABS, Seismic Performance, Earthquake-Resistant Hospital Buildings. |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) > TA347 Finite Element Method |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Vocational > Civil Engineering Maintenance and Restoration of Buildings (S2) |
| Depositing User: | Madindi Hirang |
| Date Deposited: | 30 Jul 2026 01:41 |
| Last Modified: | 30 Jul 2026 01:41 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/140031 |
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