Peningkatan Performa Remedial Action Scheme melalui Optimal Load Shedding: Studi Kasus pada Jaringan 150 kV Grati

Az Zakiy, Muhammad Abdika (2026) Peningkatan Performa Remedial Action Scheme melalui Optimal Load Shedding: Studi Kasus pada Jaringan 150 kV Grati. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Pertumbuhan beban yang tidak diimbangi dengan pembangunan infrastruktur yang memadai menyebabkan banyak ruas saluran transmisi dan transformator mengalami pembebanan lebih serta tidak mampu memenuhi kriteria keandalan (N-1). Untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut, Remedial Action Scheme (RAS), khususnya load shedding, merupakan solusi jangka pendek yang efektif. Penelitian ini mengusulkan perancangan load shedding optimal untuk RAS menggunakan analisis sensitivitas Power Transfer Distribution Factor (PTDF) dan optimasi Mixed-Integer Linear Programming (MILP). Hasil analisis PTDF menunjukkan bahwa seluruh bus beban di sisi hilir saluran transmisi Grati–Gdtan memiliki faktor sensitivitas yang sama, yaitu sebesar 0,58, yang kemudian digunakan dalam proses optimasi. Tujuan optimasi adalah meminimalkan jumlah load shedding dan pelepasan transformator dengan tetap memenuhi seluruh batasan operasi sistem. Metode yang diusulkan diuji pada saluran transmisi 150 kV Grati– Gdtan, yang merupakan salah satu ruas kritis pada Subsistem 150 kV Grati. Hasil optimasi divalidasi menggunakan simulasi aliran daya AC dan simulasi transien pada perangkat lunak DIgSILENT PowerFactory. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada kondisi operasi normal saat beban puncak dan luar beban puncak, skema yang diusulkan mampu menurunkan kebutuhan load shedding dari 506 MW pada skema eksisting menjadi 377 MW dan 241 MW, atau berkurang masingmasing sebesar 25,5% dan 52,4%. Pada kondisi operasi tidak normal yang melibatkan pembatasan pembangkitan atau gangguan saluran transmisi, diperlukan load shedding sebesar 527 MW untuk menjaga keamanan sistem. Meskipun demikian, seluruh batasan operasi sistem tetap terpenuhi, sedangkan pada skema eksisting masih ditemukan pelanggaran batas tegangan.
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Demand growth that is not accompanied by adequate infrastructure development causes many transmission line segments and transformers to become overloaded and fail to satisfy the (N-1) reliability criterion. To address this issue, a Remedial Action Scheme (RAS), particularly load shedding, provides an effective short-term solution. This study proposes an optimal load shedding design for RAS using Power Transfer Distribution Factor (PTDF) sensitivity analysis and MixedInteger Linear Programming (MILP) optimization. The PTDF analysis identified the same sensitivity factor of 0.58 for all load buses downstream of the Grati–Gdtan transmission line, which was utilized in the optimization process. The objective is to minimize load shedding and transformer outages while satisfying all operating constraints. The proposed method was tested on the 150 kV Grati–Gdtan transmission line, one of the critical bottleneck sections in the 150 kV Grati Subsystem. The optimization results were validated using AC load flow and transient simulations in DIgSILENT PowerFactory. The results show that, under normal peak-load and off-peak operating conditions, the proposed scheme reduces the required load shedding from 506 MW in the existing scheme to 377 MW and 241 MW, corresponding to reductions of 25.5% and 52.4%, respectively. Under abnormal operating conditions involving generation limitations or transmission outages, 527 MW of load shedding is required to maintain system security. Nevertheless, all operating constraints are satisfied, whereas the existing scheme still experiences voltage violations.

Item Type:	Thesis (Masters)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Remedial Action Scheme, Special Pretection System, System Integrity Protection Scheme, Defense Scheme, Power Transfer Distribution Factor, Mixed Integer Linear Programming, Load Shedding
Subjects:	T Technology > TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering > TK201 Electric Power Transmission
Divisions:	Faculty of Intelligent Electrical and Informatics Technology (ELECTICS) > Electrical Engineering > 20101-(S2) Master Thesis
Depositing User:	Muhammad Abdika Az Zakiy
Date Deposited:	30 Jul 2026 02:34
Last Modified:	30 Jul 2026 02:34
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/140211

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