Desain Pabrik Pengolahan Used Cooking Oil (UCO) dengan Metode Hydroprocessed Ester and Fatty Acid (HEFA) Sebagai Bahan Blending Bioavtur

Azizah, Naswa Syifa and Deni, Aditya Aydin (2026) Desain Pabrik Pengolahan Used Cooking Oil (UCO) dengan Metode Hydroprocessed Ester and Fatty Acid (HEFA) Sebagai Bahan Blending Bioavtur. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Peningkatan emisi gas rumah kaca dari sektor penerbangan mendorong transisi menuju bahan bakar berkelanjutan atau Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF). Indonesia sebagai negara kepulauan dengan konsumsi avtur yang terus meningkat berkomitmen mencapai Net Zero Emission pada 2060 melalui target bauran SAF secara bertahap hingga mencapai 50%. Penelitian ini merancang pabrik SAF berbasis Used Cooking Oil (UCO) dengan kapasitas 75.000 kL/tahun menggunakan metode Hydroprocessed Esters and Fatty Acids (HEFA). Pemilihan teknologi HEFA didasarkan pada metode Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) dengan mempertimbangkan kematangan teknologi (sudah komersial), ketersediaan bahan baku, aspek ekonomi, dan keberlanjutan. Proses produksi meliputi pre-treatment, hydrodeoxygenation menggunakan katalis NiMo-Al2O3 pada suhu 330 °C dan tekanan 50 bar, hydrocracking dan hidroisomerisasi menggunakan katalis Pt-SAPO11, serta pemurnian dengan distilasi. Hasil perancangan menunjukkan lokasi pabrik terpilih berada di Kawasan Ekonomi Khusus (KEK) JIIPE Gresik, Jawa Timur, berdasarkan analisis AHP dengan skor tertinggi (45,89%). Produk utama SAF yang dihasilkan memiliki densitas 764,84 kg/m3 dan memenuhi standar ASTM D7566, dengan produk samping berupa bio-naphtha dan renewable diesel (HVO). Evaluasi ekonomi menunjukkan total investasi modal (CAPEX) sebesar Rp3,08 Triliun dan biaya produksi (OPEX) sebesar Rp1,31 Triliun per tahun. Dengan nilai Internal Rate of Return (IRR) sebesar 26,28% yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan WACC 8,64%, Pay Out Time (POT) selama 7,15 tahun, dan Break Even Point (BEP) sebesar 25,04%, pabrik ini dinyatakan sangat layak untuk didirikan dan beroperasi pada tahun 2030. Desain pabrik ini diharapkan dapat mendukung target pencampuran SAF nasional sekaligus mengurangi ketergantungan impor avtur dan emisi karbon sektor penerbangan Indonesia.
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The rise in greenhouse gas emissions from the aviation sector is driving the transition toward Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF). As an archipelagic country with steadily increasing jet fuel consumption, Indonesia is committed to achieving Net Zero Emissions by 2060 through a gradual SAF blending target of up to 50%. This study designs a SAF production plant utilizing Used Cooking Oil (UCO) as feedstock with a capacity of 75,000 kL/year via the Hydroprocessed Esters and Fatty Acids (HEFA) pathway. The selection of HEFA technology was determined through the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), evaluating technology maturity (already commercialized), feedstock availability, economic viability, and sustainability. The production process encompasses pre-treatment, hydrodeoxygenation over a NiMo-Al2O3 catalyst at 330 °C and 50 bar, hydrocracking and hydroisomerization over a Pt-SAPO11 catalyst, and purification via fractional distillation. Based on the multi-criteria AHP analysis, the optimal plant site was determined to be the JIIPE Special Economic Zone (SEZ) in Gresik, East Java, which secured the highest score of 45.89%. The primary SAF product exhibits a density of 764,84 kg/m3 and complies with ASTM D7566 standards, alongside valuable co-products such as bio-naphtha and renewable diesel (HVO). Economic evaluation indicates a Total Capital Expenditure (CAPEX) of IDR 3.08 trillion and an Operating Expenditure (OPEX) of IDR 1.31 trillion per year. With an Internal Rate of Return (IRR) of 26.28%, which is higher than the WACC of 8.64%, a Pay Out Time (POT) of 7.15 years, and a Break-Even Point (BEP) of 25.04%, this plant is declared highly feasible for establishment and is slated to commence operations by 2030. This plant design is expected to reinforce national SAF blending mandates while curbing reliance on imported jet fuel and reducing the carbon footprint of Indonesia's aviation industry.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Sustainable Aviation Fuel, Used Cooking Oil, Hydroprocessed Esters And Fatty Acids, Bioavtur, Dekarbonisasi penerbangan Sustainable Aviation Fuel, Used Cooking Oil, Hydroprocessed Esters and Fatty Acids, Bioavtur, Aviation Decarbonization
Subjects:	T Technology > TP Chemical technology T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP155.5 Chemical plants--Design and construction
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology > Chemical Engineering > 24201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Naswa Syifa Azizah
Date Deposited:	01 Aug 2026 03:29
Last Modified:	01 Aug 2026 03:29
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/140302

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