Sintesis Katalis M/SAPO-5 (M: Ni,Pt) Untuk Produksi Biofuel Dari Minyak Kopra Melalui Hydroprocessing

Azmi, Muhammad Syahril Hidayatul (2026) Sintesis Katalis M/SAPO-5 (M: Ni,Pt) Untuk Produksi Biofuel Dari Minyak Kopra Melalui Hydroprocessing. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Ketergantungan terhadap energi fosil mendorong transisi menuju pemanfaatan energi terbarukan, salah satunya melalui produksi biofuel dari biomassa. Pada penelitian ini proses reaksi hydroprocessing dimanfaatkan dalam konversi minyak kopra menjadi produk biofuel cair. Material katalis yang disintesis adalah SAPO-5 dengan menggunakan metode hidrotermal. Minyak kopra dipilih sebagai bahan baku karena kaya akan asam lemak jenuh rantai menengah C12-C16. SAPO-5 kemudian diimpregnasi dengan logam Ni dan Pt dengan variasi katalis yang disintesis adalah 5% dan 7,5% Ni/SAPO-5, serta 0,25% dan 0,5% Pt/SAPO-5. Karakterisasi katalis dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknik XRD, SEM-EDX, FTIR, dan BET. Berdasarkan hasil karakterisasi XRD, terbentuk material katalis dengan komposisi campuran SAPO-5 dan SAPO-34. Morfologi partikel dengan bentuk agregat heksagonal dan kubus juga terlihat pada hasil SEM. Analisis FTIR menunjukkan bahwa impregnasi logam berhasil dilakukan di permukaan SAPO-5 dengan mempertahankan struktur kerangka utama penyusun T-O-T (T=Si, Al, atau P). Analisis BET menunjukkan impregnasi logam dapat menurunkan luas permukaan dan memperbesar diameter pori katalis. Aktivitas hydroprocessing untuk uji komposisi hidrokarbon dan distribusi produk dilakukan menggunakan instrumen GC-MS. Hasil uji komposisi masih terdiri dari trigliserida dan digliserida yang mengindikasikan reaksi belum berjalan optimal. Adapun hasil uji karakteristik fisika-kimia menunjukkan biofuel yang dihasilkan memiliki nilai pour point dengan rentang 12-15,5°C dan densitas dengan rentang 0,746 - 0,956 g/cm3 yang telah memenuhi standar D4052, D7566, dan D97, meskipun viskositas kinematiknya masih tergolong tinggi sebesar 32,9-42,5 mm2/s. Persentase konversi hidrokarbon dibawah 10%, namun selektivitas produk tertinggi dicapai pada variasi katalis monometalik 0,25% Pt/SAPO-5 yaitu 31,43%.
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Reliance on fossil fuels drives the transition toward renewable energy utilization, including biofuel production from biomass. In this study, the hydroprocessing reaction is utilized to convert copra oil into liquid biofuel. The SAPO-5 catalyst material was synthesized using a hydrothermal method. Copra oil was selected as the feedstock due to its high content of medium-chain saturated fatty acids C12-C16. SAPO-5 was then impregnated with Ni and Pt metals with the synthesized catalyst variations were 5% and 7.5% Ni/SAPO-5, as well as 0.25% and 0.5% Pt/SAPO-5. Catalyst characterization was carried out using XRD, SEM-EDX, FTIR, and BET techniques. Based on the XRD characterization results, a catalyst material with a mixed composition of SAPO-5 and SAPO-34 was formed. Particle morphology with hexagonal and cubic aggregate shapes was also observed in the SEM results. FTIR analysis showed that metal impregnation was successfully carried out on the surface of SAPO-5 while maintaining the main T-O-T (T=Si, Al, or P) framework structure. BET analysis indicated that metal impregnation could decrease the surface area and increase the pore diameter of the catalyst. Hydroprocessing activity for testing hydrocarbon composition and product distribution was evaluated using a GC-MS instrument. The composition test results showed that the product still consisted of triglycerides and diglycerides, indicating that the reaction had not proceeded optimally. Meanwhile, the physical-chemical characteristic test results showed that the produced biofuel exhibited a pour point ranging from 12 to 15.5 °C and a density ranging from 0.746 to 0.956 g/cm³, which met the D4052, D7566, and D97 standards, although its kinematic viscosity remained relatively high at 32.9 to 42.5 mm²/s. The hydrocarbon conversion percentage was below 10%. However, the highest product selectivity was achieved by the 0.25% Pt/SAPO-5 monometallic catalyst variation at 31.43%.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Biofuel, Hydroprocessing, Katalis Bifungsional, Minyak Kopra, M/SAPO-5 ========================================================== Biofuel, Hydroprocessing, Bifunctional Catalyst, Copra Oil, M/SAPO-5
Subjects:	Q Science > QD Chemistry > QD501 Catalysis. Catalysts.
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Physics Engineering > 30201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Muhammad Syahril Hidayatul Azmi
Date Deposited:	31 Jul 2026 08:48
Last Modified:	31 Jul 2026 08:48
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/140603

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