Fitri, Dinara Syafina (2026) Sintesis Kompleks Tembaga(II) dan Nikel(II) dengan Ligan N-(2-(2-Hidroksibenzoil)hidrazin-1-karbonotioil)furan-2-karboksamida sebagai Agen Antibakteri. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Resistensi bakteri terhadap antibiotik merupakan salah satu ancaman kesehatan global yang terus berkembang dan menjadi perhatian serius dalam dunia medis. Ion Cu(II) telah banyak dilaporkan memiliki aktivitas antimikroba yang baik karena kemampuannya menghasilkan stres oksidatif dan berinteraksi dengan biomolekul penting dalam sel bakteri. Sementara itu, Ni(II) dipilih sebagai logam pembanding karena memiliki kemampuan koordinasi yang tinggi serta dapat membentuk kompleks dengan geometri yang beragam, sehingga memungkinkan untuk dilakukan kajian hubungan antara struktur kompleks dan aktivitas biologinya. Dalam penelitian ini, ion Cu(II) dan Ni(II) masing-masing dikomplekskan dengan ligan N-(2-(2- hidroksibenzoil)hidrazin-1-karbonotioil)furan-2-karboksamida (H4L), sehingga menghasilkan kompleks Cu(II)-N-(2-(2-hidroksibenzoil)hidrazin-1-karbonotioil)furan-2-karboksamida (Cu(II)-H2L) dan kompleks Ni(II)-N-(2-(2-hidroksibenzoil)hidrazin-1-karbonotioil)furan-2- karboksamida (Ni(II)-H2L). Kedua Kompleks logam disintesis melalui metode refluks dengan mereaksikan ligan dengan ion logam Cu(II) dan Ni(II) pada kondisi pH 6. Kompleks Cu(II)- H2L yang diperoleh berwarna coklat tua, sedangkan kompleks Ni(II)-H2L berwarna coklat kemerahan dengan persentase rendemen masing-masing sebesar 76,09% dan 75.01%. Berdasarkan hasil karakterisasi menggunakan FTIR, UV-Vis, AAS, CHNS/O, dan PowderXRD, formula kompleks diprediksi sebagai Na[Cu2(H2L)2(H2O)2(µ-OH)]·EtOH dan [Ni2(H2L)2]·EtOH. Kedua kompleks tergolong sebagai nanokristalin. Pengujian aktivitas antibakteri menggunakan metode difusi cakram menunjukkan bahwa ligan H₄L memiliki aktivitas yang lebih baik dibandingkan kompleks logamnya terhadap Staphylococcus aureus maupun Escherichia coli. Diameter zona inhibisi ligan terhadap S. aureus dan E. coli masingmasing sebesar 16,73 ± 1,51 mm dan 19,42 ± 1,23 mm, sedangkan kompleks Cu(II)-H2L hanya menghasilkan zona inhibisi sebesar 2,73 ± 0,49 mm terhadap kedua bakteri. Sementara itu, kompleks Ni(II)-H2L menghasilkan zona inhibisi sebesar 3,07 ± 1,01 mm terhadap S. aureus dan 3,18 ± 0,08 mm terhadap E. coli. Rendahnya aktivitas antibakteri kedua kompleks diduga berkaitan dengan ukuran molekul kompleks yang relatif besar sehingga membatasi difusi senyawa pada media agar maupun penetrasinya ke dalam sel bakteri.
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Bacterial resistance to antibiotics has become a growing global health threat and a major concern in the medical field. Cu(II) ions have been widely reported to exhibit excellent antimicrobial activity due to their ability to induce oxidative stress and interact with essential biomolecules in bacterial cells. Meanwhile, Ni(II) was selected as a comparative metal ion because of its high coordination ability and the diversity of geometries that its complexes can adopt, allowing the investigation of the relationship between complex structure and biological activity. In this study, Cu(II) and Ni(II) ions were complexed with N-(2-(2- hydroxybenzoyl)hydrazine-1-carbothioyl)furan-2-carboxamide (H₄L), yielding Cu(II)-N-(2- (2-hydroxybenzoyl)hydrazine-1-carbothioyl)furan-2-carboxamide (Cu(II)-H2L) and Ni(II)-N- (2-(2-hydroxybenzoyl)hydrazine-1-carbothioyl)furan-carboxamide (Ni(II)-H2L) complexes. Both complexes were synthesized by the reflux method at pH 6. The obtained Cu(II)-H2L complex was dark brown, whereas the Ni(II)-H2L complex was brown red, with yields of 76.09% and 75.01%, respectively. Based on FTIR, UV-Vis, AAS, CHNS/O, and Powder-XRD characterization, the molecular formulas of the complexes were predicted to be Na[Cu2(H2L)2(H2O)2(µ-OH)]·EtOH and [Ni2(H2L)2]·EtOH. Both complexes exhibited nanocrystalline characteristics. Antibacterial activity evaluated using the disc diffusion method showed that the H₄L ligand exhibited higher activity than its metal complexes against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The inhibition zones of H₄L against S. aureus and E. coli were 16.73 ± 1.51 mm and 19.42 ± 1.23 mm, respectively, whereas the Cu(II)-H2L complex exhibited inhibition zones of only 2.73 ± 0.49 mm against both bacteria. The Ni(II)- H2L complex produced inhibition zones of 3.07 ± 1.01 mm against S. aureus and 3.18 ± 0.08 mm against E. coli. The relatively low antibacterial activity of both complexes is presumed to be associated with their larger molecular sizes, which limit their diffusion through the agar medium and their penetration into bacterial cells.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Other) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Antibakteri, Cu(II)-H2L, Kompleks, Ni(II)-H2L, Tiosemikarbazida, Antibacterial activity, Complex, Cu(II)-H2L, Ni(II)-H2L, Thiosemicarbazide |
| Subjects: | Q Science > QD Chemistry > QD471 Chemical compounds - Structure and formulas |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Science and Data Analytics (SCIENTICS) > Chemistry > 47201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Dinara Syafina Fitri |
| Date Deposited: | 01 Aug 2026 07:18 |
| Last Modified: | 05 Aug 2026 05:38 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/140626 |
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