Thomi, Thomi (2026) Rancangan Model Pengelolaan Material Bekas Jaringan Distribusi SUTM Melaluli Integrasi ABC Classification, AHP, dan TOPSIS Untuk Meningkatkan Efisiensi dan Nilai Ekonomi Di PT PLN (Persero) UP3 Mamuju. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Pengelolaan material bekas pada PT PLN masih menghadapi berbagai permasalahan, seperti tingginya material idle, penumpukan dead stock, pengambilan keputusan yang masih bersifat subjektif, serta belum adanya sistem prioritas berbasis nilai dan risiko. Kondisi tersebut menyebabkan rendahnya utilisasi material dan meningkatnya potensi kerugian aset perusahaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan mengoptimalkan pengelolaan material bekas melalui integrasi metode ABC Classification, Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), dan Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS). Metode ABC digunakan untuk mengklasifikasikan material berdasarkan nilai ekonomis, metode AHP digunakan untuk menentukan bobot prioritas kriteria, sedangkan metode TOPSIS digunakan untuk menentukan ranking alternatif keputusan pengelolaan material seperti reuse, redistribusi, scrap, dan disposal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa material kelas A memberikan kontribusi terbesar terhadap total nilai ekonomis material meskipun jumlah itemnya relatif sedikit. Pada analisis AHP, kriteria keselamatan (safety) memiliki bobot tertinggi sebesar 0,490 sehingga menjadi faktor utama dalam pengambilan keputusan. Selanjutnya, hasil TOPSIS menunjukkan bahwa material seperti konduktor AAAC dan kabel NYY memiliki nilai Closeness Coefficient (CC) tertinggi sehingga diprioritaskan untuk reuse. Penerapan metode ABC–AHP–TOPSIS mampu meningkatkan utilisasi material dari 60% menjadi 90%, menurunkan loss material dari 40% menjadi 10%, mempercepat proses pengambilan keputusan dari 2–5 hari menjadi kurang dari 1 hari, serta meningkatkan efisiensi pengelolaan gudang dan inventory. Dari sisi ekonomi, implementasi model usulan memberikan dampak signifikan terhadap peningkatan revenue recovery dan efisiensi biaya procurement. Total manfaat ekonomi yang diperoleh mencapai sekitar Rp 598.320.000 per tahun yang berasal dari pengurangan pembelian material baru sebesar Rp 508.320.000 dan revenue scrap sebesar Rp 90.000.000. Hasil Cost Benefit Analysis (CBA) menunjukkan nilai Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR) sebesar 22,15 dengan payback period sekitar 1,3 bulan, sehingga sistem dinilai sangat layak diterapkan. Dengan demikian, integrasi metode ABC, AHP, dan TOPSIS mampu menghasilkan sistem pengelolaan material bekas yang lebih efektif, objektif, efisien, dan berbasis risiko untuk mendukung optimalisasi aset serta peningkatan kinerja operasional di PLN.
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The management of used materials at PT PLN still faces several challenges, including the accumulation of idle materials, increasing dead stock, subjective decision making processes, and the absence of a priority-based system considering economic value and operational risk. These conditions lead to low material utilization and potential financial losses for the company’s assets. This study aims to analyze and optimize the management of used materials through the integration of ABC Classification, Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), and Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS). The ABC method was employed to classify materials based on their economic value, AHP was used to determine the priority weights of decision criteria, and TOPSIS was applied to rank management alternatives such as reuse, redistribution, scrap, and disposal. The results indicate that Class A materials contribute the highest proportion of total economic value despite representing a relatively small number of items. In the AHP analysis, the safety criterion obtained the highest weight value of 0.490, indicating that operational risk and system reliability are the primary considerations in decision-making. Furthermore, the TOPSIS results demonstrate that materials such as AAAC conductors and NYY cables achieved the highest Closeness Coefficient (CC) values and were therefore prioritized for reuse. The implementation of the ABC–AHP–TOPSIS approach increased material utilization from 60% to 90%, reduced material loss from 40% to 10%, accelerated decision-making time from 2–5 days to less than one day, and improved warehouse and inventory management efficiency. From an economic perspective, the proposed model generated significant impacts on revenue recovery and procurement cost efficiency. The total economic benefit achieved was approximately IDR 598,320,000 annually, consisting of procurement cost savings amounting to IDR 508,320,000 and scrap revenue recovery of IDR 90,000,000. The Cost–Benefit Analysis (CBA) revealed a Benefit–Cost Ratio (BCR) of 22.15 with a payback period of approximately 1.3 months, indicating that the proposed system is highly feasible for implementation. Therefore, the integration of ABC, AHP, and TOPSIS methods provides a more effective, objective, efficient, and risk-based framework for used material management to support asset optimization and operational performance improvement at PLN.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Used material PLNs, ABC , AHP, TOPSIS, Cost Benefit Analysis. |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TS Manufactures > TS155 Production control. Production planning. Production management |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Industrial Engineering > 26101-(S2) Master Thesis |
| Depositing User: | Thomi Thomi |
| Date Deposited: | 30 Jul 2026 13:43 |
| Last Modified: | 30 Jul 2026 13:43 |
| URI: | http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/140847 |
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