Sintesis Komposit Bahan Restorasi Gigi dengan Penambahan Filler Hidroksiapatit dan Silika dari Sekam Padi

Thohir, Muhammad and Wijayanti, Ajeng Aulia (2026) Sintesis Komposit Bahan Restorasi Gigi dengan Penambahan Filler Hidroksiapatit dan Silika dari Sekam Padi. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Tingginya prevalensi karies gigi di Indonesia mendorong pengembangan material restorasi gigi berbasis resin komposit yang memiliki sifat mekanik dan bioaktivitas yang baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mensintesis resin komposit berbasis matriks Bis-GMA, UDMA, dan TEGDMA dengan penambahan filler hidroksiapatit serta silika yang disintesis dari abu sekam padi menggunakan metode sol-gel berbasis gelombang ultrasonik. Silika dan hidroksiapatit selanjutnya dimodifikasi melalui proses silanisasi untuk meningkatkan kompatibilitas antarmuka filler dengan matriks resin. Resin komposit disintesis dengan variasi rasio fraksi volume filler hidroksiapatit:silika sebesar 30:0, 20:10, 15:15, 10:20, dan 0:30. Analisa dilakukan menggunakan XRF, FTIR, SEM-EDX, Degree of Conversion, serta fracture test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa silika dari sekam padi berhasil disintesis dan dimanfaatkan bersama hidroksiapatit sebagai filler pada resin komposit, sehingga berpotensi menghasilkan material restorasi gigi dengan karakteristik yang sesuai untuk aplikasi dental. Keberhasilan proses ditunjukkan melalui uji FTIR yang mengonfirmasi hilangnya gugus pengotor. Variasi rasio silika dan hidroksiapatit berpengaruh nyata terhadap morfologi dan kekuatan mekanik komposit. Rasio 15% silika dan 15% hidroksiapatit menghasilkan nilai kekuatan patah/fracture test tertinggi sebesar 81,627 MPa (melebihi standar ISO 4049), nilai compressive test sebesar 122,22 MPa dan nilai Degree of Conversion tertinggi (68.57%). Sebaliknya, rasio hidroksiapatit tinggi menurunkan kekuatan akibat aglomerasi dan hambatan polimerisasi. Rasio 15:15 ditetapkan sebagai komposisi paling optimal.
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The high prevalence of dental caries in Indonesia has increased the demand for dental restorative materials with enhanced mechanical performance and bioactivity. This study aimed to synthesize a dental resin composite based on a Bis-GMA, UDMA, and TEGDMA resin matrix reinforced with hydroxyapatite and silica fillers synthesized from rice husk ash using an ultrasonic-assisted sol-gel method. The synthesized silica and hydroxyapatite were subsequently silanized to improve interfacial compatibility between the fillers and the resin matrix. The resin composites were prepared with hydroxyapatite-to-silica filler volume fraction ratios of 30:0, 20:10, 15:15, 10:20, and 0:30. The analyses were conducted using XRF, FTIR, SEM-EDX, Degree of Conversion, and fracture tests. The results showed that silica derived from rice husk was successfully synthesized and utilized together with hydroxyapatite as fillers in resin composites, thereby demonstrating the potential to produce dental restorative materials with characteristics suitable for dental applications. The success of the process was confirmed by FTIR analysis, which indicated the removal of impurity functional groups. Variations in the silica and hydroxyapatite ratios significantly affected the morphology and mechanical strength of the composites. The ratio of 15% silica and 15% hydroxyapatite produced the highest fracture strength of 81.627 MPa (exceeding the ISO 4049 standard), a compressive strength of 122.22 MPa, and the highest Degree of Conversion (68.57%). In contrast, a higher hydroxyapatite ratio reduced the strength due to agglomeration and inhibition of polymerization. The 15:15 ratio was determined to be the most optimal composition.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Dental Restoration, Hydroxyapatite, Resin, Silica, Synthesis, Hidrosiapatit, Resin Komposit, Restorasi Gigi, Silika, Sintesis
Subjects:	R Medicine > R Medicine (General) > R857.M3 Biomedical materials. Biomedical materials--Testing. R Medicine > RK Dentistry
Divisions:	Faculty of Vocational > 24305-Industrial Chemical Engineering Technology
Depositing User:	Muhammad Thohir
Date Deposited:	31 Jul 2026 08:06
Last Modified:	31 Jul 2026 08:06
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/140911

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