Rancang Bangun Sistem Thermal Monitoring Pada Battery Packs Menggunakan Cooling Peltier Dan Fan Secara Terpisah

Kuncoro, Akhmad Sony Dwi (2026) Rancang Bangun Sistem Thermal Monitoring Pada Battery Packs Menggunakan Cooling Peltier Dan Fan Secara Terpisah. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Pemanfaatan bahan bakar fosil yang tinggi telah memicu berbagai dampak lingkungan, terutama peningkatan emisi karbon dan gas rumah kaca. Dengan adanya latar belakang ini mendorong upaya transisi energi global, yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan penggunaan Energi Baru dan Terbarukan (EBT). Energi surya melalui Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Surya (PLTS) merupakan salah satu sumber EBT yang paling menjanjikan. Namun, sifat intermiten energi surya memerlukan Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) berbasis lithium-ion untuk menjaga stabilitas pasokan listrik. Kinerja battery sangat bergantung pada kondisi temperature selama proses discharging, sehingga diperlukan sistem thermal management yang efektif dengan monitoring yang akurat. Penelitian ini merancang dan menguji sistem thermal monitoring pada battery packs menggunakan sensor DS18B20 untuk temperature dan sensor INA219 untuk current serta voltage. Sistem cooling menggunakan modul Peltier dan fan dengan ESP32-S3 sebagai mikrokontroler untuk mengelola data sensor yang ditampilkan melalui Human Machine Interface (HMI) pada LCD dan dikirim secara otomatis ke Google Sheets untuk analisis real-time. Pengujian dilakukan pada berbagai kondisi discharging dengan beban fan bervariasi (2 fan dan 3 fan) untuk menganalisis karakteristik thermal dan efisiensi cooling. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa sistem monitoring memiliki karakteristik yang baik dengan nilai current yang relatif stabil pada 0.33–0.46 A untuk 2 fan dan 0.61–0.81 A untuk 3 fan, sementara voltage turun secara bertahap dari 24.84 V menjadi 23.11 V (2 fan) dan dari 24.72 V menjadi 22.87 V (3 fan), dengan penurunan State of Charge (SOC) yang linier. Evaluasi efektivitas cooling menggunakan metode reduction maximum temperature menunjukkan bahwa cooling Peltier mampu menahan temperature melalui Peltier effect, dengan nilai reduction maximum temperature tertinggi sebesar 10.13% pada sensor pertama dan 8.19% pada sensor kedua untuk kondisi discharging 2 fan, serta 8.91% pada sensor pertama dan 9.23% pada sensor kedua untuk kondisi discharging 3 fan. Sistem thermal monitoring ini berhasil mengintegrasikan pengukuran parameter kritis battery packs dan memberikan data akurat untuk evaluasi kinerja thermal management system secara real-time.
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The high use of fossil fuels has triggered various environmental impacts, particularly an increase in carbon and greenhouse gas emissions. This background has encouraged global energy transition efforts, which aim to increase the use of New and Renewable Energy (NRE). Solar energy through Solar Power Plants (SPP) is one of the most promising sources of NRE. However, the intermittent nature of solar energy requires a lithium-ion-based Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) to maintain the stability of the electricity supply. Battery performance is highly dependent on temperature conditions during the discharging process, thus requiring an effective thermal management system with accurate monitoring. This study designs and tests a thermal monitoring system on battery packs using DS18B20 sensors for temperature and INA219 sensors for current and voltage. The cooling system uses a Peltier module and fan with ESP32-S3 as a microcontroller to manage sensor data displayed through a Human Machine Interface (HMI) on an LCD and automatically sent to Google Sheets for real-time analysis. Testing was conducted under various discharging conditions with varying fan loads (2 fans and 3 fans) to analyze thermal characteristics and cooling efficiency. The test results show that the monitoring system has good characteristics with relatively stable current values of 0.33–0.46 A for 2 fans and 0.61–0.81 A for 3 fans, while the voltage gradually decreased from 24.84 V to 23.11 V (2 fans) and from 24.72 V to 22.87 V (3 fans), with a linear decrease in State of Charge (SOC). Evaluation of cooling effectiveness using the maximum temperature reduction method showed that Peltier cooling was able to maintain temperature through the Peltier effect, with the highest maximum temperature reduction values of 10.13% on the first sensor and 8.19% on the second sensor for the 2-fan discharging condition, and 8.91% on the first sensor and 9.23% on the second sensor for the 3-fan discharging condition. This thermal monitoring system successfully integrates the measurement of critical battery pack parameters and provides accurate data for real-time evaluation of the thermal management system's performance.

Item Type: Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords: Battery pack, Peltier, Thermal, Efisiensi, SoC. ============================================================ Battery pack, Peltier, Thermal, Efficiency, SoC.
Subjects: T Technology > TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering > TK2921 Lithium cells.
T Technology > TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering > TK2931 Fuel cells
T Technology > TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering > TK2941 Storage batteries
T Technology > TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering > TK2943 Battery chargers.
T Technology > TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering > TK2950 Thermoelectric materials.
T Technology > TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering > TK351 Electric measurements.
Divisions: Faculty of Vocational > Instrumentation Engineering
Depositing User: Akhmad Sony Dwi Kuncoro
Date Deposited: 31 Jul 2026 08:28
Last Modified: 31 Jul 2026 08:28
URI: http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/141184

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