Studi Keanekaragaman Kepiting (Infraordo: Brachyura) Di Ekosistem Mangrove Pesisir Timur Surabaya

Irawan, Muhammad Farhan Maulana (2026) Studi Keanekaragaman Kepiting (Infraordo: Brachyura) Di Ekosistem Mangrove Pesisir Timur Surabaya. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Ekosistem mangrove merupakan habitat penting bagi kepiting (Infraordo: Brachyura) yang berperan dalam menjaga keseimbangan ekosistem mangrove. Komposisi substrat, kandungan bahan organik, dan keberadaan mangrove dapat memengaruhi komposisi jenis dan persebaran kepiting. Namun, informasi mengenai hubungan komposisi substrat, kandungan bahan organik, dan keberadaan vegetasi mangrove dengan komposisi dan persebaran kepiting di Pesisir Timur Surabaya masih terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi komposisi jenis kepiting Brachyura berdasarkan morfologi eksternal, menganalisis persebarannya, mengkaji komposisi substrat dan kandungan bahan organik serta keterkaitannya terhadap persebaran kepiting. Penelitian dilakukan di empat lokasi, yaitu T1 Pantai Batu Kenjeran, T2 THP Kenjeran, T3 Pagoda Tian Ti, dan T4 Ekowisata Mangrove Wonorejo, dengan menggunakan metode purposive sampling sebanyak 36 unit sampling. Pengambilan sampel kepiting dilakukan dengan hand collecting, sampel substrat diambil hingga kedalaman 10 cm, identifikasi kepiting menggunakan kunci taksonomi, analisis substrat dilakukan menggunakan metode granulometri, dan kandungan bahan organik dianalisis dengan metode Loss on Ignition (LOI). Hasil penelitian menemukan 14 spesies kepiting Brachyura dari 12 genus dan 7 famili, dengan famili Portunidae, famili Ocypodidae, famili Macrophthalmidae, dan famili Varunidae masing-masing terdiri dari dua genus, famili Menippidae dan famili Grapsidae masing-masing terdiri dari satu genus, dan famili Sesarmidae dengan genus terbanyak, terdiri dari tiga genus dengan sebaran famili Sesarmidae berada pada lokasi T3 dan T4. Hasil kandungan bahan organik menunjukkan pada lokasi T1 dan T2 masing-masing memiliki kandungan bahan organik lebih sedikit dibandingkan pada lokasi T3 dan T4 dengan T1 sebesar 7,42%, T2 sebesar 6,44%, T3 sebesar 16,27%, dan T4 sebesar 17,28%. Hasil analisis substrat menunjukkan T1 bertipe clay dengan persentase fraksi 42-52%, T2 bertipe sandy clay dengan fraksi persentase sand 46% dan fraksi persentase clay 35%, T3 bertipe silty clay dengan fraksi persentase clay sebesar 58% dan fraksi persentase silt 41%, serta T4 bertipe silt loam dengan fraksi persentase silt 65% dan fraksi persentase clay 27%.
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Mangrove ecosystems provide important habitats for crabs (Infraorder: Brachyura), which play an essential role in maintaining the ecological balance of mangrove ecosystems. Substrate composition, organic matter content, and the presence of mangrove vegetation can influence crab species composition and distribution. However, information regarding the relationship between substrate composition, organic matter content, mangrove vegetation, and crab species composition and distribution along the East Coast of Surabaya remains limited. This study aimed to identify the species composition of Brachyura based on external morphological characteristics, analyze their distribution, and examine substrate composition and organic matter content and their relationships with crab distribution. The study was conducted at four locations: T1 (Batu Kenjeran Beach), T2 (Kenjeran Fishery Tourism Center/THP Kenjeran), T3 (Tian Ti Pagoda), and T4 (Wonorejo Mangrove Ecotourism Area), using purposive sampling with a total of 36 sampling units. Crabs were collected using the hand-collecting method, while substrate samples were collected to a depth of 10 cm. Crab identification was performed using taxonomic identification keys, substrate composition was analyzed using the granulometric method, and organic matter content was determined using the Loss on Ignition (LOI) method. The results showed that 14 species of Brachyura were identified, belonging to 12 genera and 7 families. The families Portunidae, Ocypodidae, Macrophthalmidae, and Varunidae each comprised two genera, while Menippidae and Grapsidae each comprised one genus. Sesarmidae had the highest number of genera, comprising three genera, with members of this family occurring at T3 and T4. Organic matter analysis revealed lower levels at sites T1 (7.42%) and T2 (6.44%) compared to sites T3 (16.27%) and T4 (17.28%). Substrate analysis results indicate that T1 is clay (42–52% fraction), T2 is sandy clay (46% sand and 35% clay fractions), T3 is silty clay (58% clay and 41% silt fractions), and T4 is silt loam (65% silt and 27% clay fractions).

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Brachyura, Granulometri, Keanekaragaman, Mangrove, Substrat.
Subjects:	Q Science > QH Biology > QH541 Ecology
Divisions:	Faculty of Science and Data Analytics (SCIENTICS) > Biology > 46201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Muhammad Farhan Maulana Irawan
Date Deposited:	08 Sep 2026 07:04
Last Modified:	08 Sep 2026 07:04
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/141348

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