Sintesis Katalis NI–MO/Marble Termodifikasi Aloe Vera untuk Produksi Hidrokarbon C8–C16 dari Minyak Pelumas Bekas

Ersyada, Trias Alzatory (2026) Sintesis Katalis NI–MO/Marble Termodifikasi Aloe Vera untuk Produksi Hidrokarbon C8–C16 dari Minyak Pelumas Bekas. Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Peningkatan kebutuhan energi global dan tingginya ketergantungan terhadap bahan bakar hidrokarbon berbasis fosil mendorong pengembangan sumber energi alternatif yang lebih berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan katalis berbasis limbah marble yang dimodifikasi menggunakan Aloe vera dan logam bimetal Ni Mo untuk meningkatkan produksi hidrokarbon rentang C8 C16 dari WLO. Katalis disintesis melalui kalsinasi limbah marble, modifikasi menggunakan ekstrak Aloe vera sebagai agen pendispersi, dan impregnasi logam Ni Mo. Karakterisasi katalis dilakukan menggunakan XRD, FTIR, TGA, FESEM EDX, HRTEM, adsorpsi-desorpsi N₂, XPS, dan CO₂ TPD. Aktivitas katalitik dievaluasi melalui pirolisis WLO dengan analisis distribusi produk dan komposisi hidrokarbon menggunakan GC MS. Hasil karakterisasi menunjukkan bahwa proses kalsinasi berhasil mengubah CaCO₃ menjadi fase CaO aktif, sedangkan impregnasi logam menghasilkan fase NiO dan CaMoO₄. Analisis FESEM-EDX dan HRTEM mengonfirmasi distribusi logam yang merata, sementara CO₂-TPD menunjukkan peningkatan kekuatan situs basa setelah modifikasi Aloe vera. Uji katalitik menunjukkan bahwa katalis Ni/Mo-MWAC memberikan performa terbaik dengan konversi WLO sebesar 87,85% dan yield produk cair sebesar 51,86%, jauh lebih tinggi dibandingkan reaksi tanpa katalis. Produk cair yang dihasilkan didominasi oleh hidrokarbon dengan selektivitas terhadap rentang C8 C16 mencapai 81,80%. Logam Ni berperan dalam meningkatkan aktivitas cracking dan hidrogenasi, sedangkan Mo meningkatkan dispersi logam, stabilitas katalis, dan menekan pembentukan kokas. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa modifikasi limbah marble menggunakan Aloe vera dan logam bimetal Ni Mo mampu menghasilkan katalis yang efektif untuk konversi limbah minyak pelumas menjadi hidrokarbon rentang C8 C16, sekaligus meningkatkan nilai tambah limbah industri melalui pendekatan yang berkelanjutan.
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The increasing global energy demand and the heavy dependence on fossil-based hydrocarbon fuels have driven the development of more sustainable alternative energy sources. This study aims to develop a marble waste-based catalyst modified with Aloe vera and Ni-Mo bimetallic metals to enhance the production of C8-C16 hydrocarbons from waste lubricating oil (WLO). The catalyst was synthesized through marble waste calcination, modification with Aloe vera extract as a dispersion agent, and subsequent Ni-Mo metal impregnation. Catalyst characterization was carried out using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), field emission scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (FESEM-EDX), highresolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), N₂ adsorption–desorption analysis, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and CO₂ temperature-programmed desorption (CO₂-TPD). Catalytic performance was evaluated through the pyrolysis of WLO, followed by product distribution and hydrocarbon composition analyses using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The characterization results demonstrated that the calcination process successfully transformed CaCO₃ into the active CaO phase, while metal impregnation led to the formation of NiO and CaMoO₄ phases. FESEM-EDX and HRTEM analyses confirmed the homogeneous distribution of metal species on the catalyst surface, whereas CO₂-TPD revealed an increase in the strength of basic sites after Aloe vera modification. Catalytic tests showed that the Ni/Mo-MWAC catalyst exhibited the best performance, achieving a WLO conversion of 87.85% and a liquid product yield of 51.86%, which were significantly higher than those obtained in the non-catalytic reaction. The liquid products were predominantly composed of hydrocarbons, with a selectivity toward the C8-C16 range reaching 81.80%. Ni enhanced cracking and hydrogenation activities, while Mo improved metal dispersion, catalyst stability, and coke suppression. These findings demonstrate that the modification of marble waste with Aloe vera and Ni–Mo bimetallic metals produces an effective catalyst for converting waste vi lubricating oil into C8–C16 hydrocarbons while simultaneously increasing the value of industrial waste through a sustainable approach.

Item Type:	Thesis (Masters)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Hidrokarbon C8 C16, Limbah minyak pelumas, Limbah marble, Aloe vera, Ni/Mo Hydrocarbon C8 C16, Waste Lubricant oil, Marble waste, Aloe vera, Ni/Mo
Subjects:	Q Science > QD Chemistry Q Science > QD Chemistry > QD501 Catalysis. Catalysts.
Divisions:	Faculty of Science and Data Analytics (SCIENTICS) > Chemistry > 47101-(S2) Master Thesis
Depositing User:	Trias Alzatory Ersyada
Date Deposited:	01 Aug 2026 06:10
Last Modified:	01 Aug 2026 06:10
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/141364

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