Sprawl Retrofit By Encouraging Densification (A Case Study of Surakarta City)

Hartanto, Holy Regina (2026) Sprawl Retrofit By Encouraging Densification (A Case Study of Surakarta City). Diploma thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Indonesia’s rapid urbanization has intensified pressure on metropolitan areas, driving unsustainable expansion into peri-urban zones. This uncontrolled growth has created social and environmental challenges, highlighting the need for sprawl repair strategies. Densification has emerged as one of the most effective approaches, combining physical interventions with policy mechanisms. Yet, limited research has examined the spatial suitability of densification strategies in Indonesian metropolitan contexts. This study addresses that gap by developing recommendations for Surakarta City. Using K-Means clustering analysis, Surakarta is divided into six typological clusters: Low Density–Compact Kampung Kota, High Density–Compact Kampung Kota, Connectivity Core, Low Density Urban Fringes, Core of Surakarta’s Activity, and Fragmentations of Passive Open Spaces. Each cluster’s characteristics inform differentiated strategies, including Transit-Oriented Development, Vertical Densification, Infill Development, and Social Densification. Policy review shows that existing spatial plans already support vertical densification and transit-oriented development, while infill and social densification remain less institutionalized and require instruments such as bonus zoning and Building and Environmental Masterplans. These findings reveal both opportunities and limitations within Surakarta’s planning framework. Aligning cluster-specific strategies with regulatory instruments provides a pathway to repair sprawl, improve spatial efficiency, and foster a more compact, resilient, and socially inclusive urban future.
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Urbanisasi yang pesat di Indonesia telah meningkatkan tekanan pada wilayah metropolitan, mendorong ekspansi yang tidak berkelanjutan ke zona peri-urban. Pertumbuhan yang tidak terkendali ini menimbulkan tantangan sosial dan lingkungan, sehingga menekankan perlunya strategi perbaikan sprawl. Densifikasi muncul sebagai salah satu pendekatan paling efektif yang menggabungkan intervensi fisik dengan mekanisme kebijakan. Namun, penelitian yang menelaah kesesuaian spasial strategi densifikasi dalam konteks metropolitan Indonesia masih terbatas. Studi ini berupaya mengisi kesenjangan tersebut dengan mengembangkan rekomendasi untuk Kota Surakarta. Melalui analisis klaster K-Means, Surakarta dibagi menjadi enam klaster tipologis, yaitu Low Density–Compact Kampung Kota, High Density–Compact Kampung Kota, Connectivity Core, Low Density Urban Fringes, Core of Surakarta’s Activity, dan Fragmentations of Passive Open Spaces. Karakteristik setiap klaster menginformasikan strategi yang berbeda, termasuk Transit-Oriented Development, Vertical Densification, Infill Development, dan Social Densification. Tinjauan kebijakan menunjukkan bahwa rencana tata ruang yang ada telah mendukung vertical densification dan transit-oriented development, sementara infill dan social densification masih kurang terinstitusionalisasi serta memerlukan instrumen tambahan seperti bonus zoning dan Rencana Tata Bangunan dan Lingkungan. Temuan ini menyoroti peluang sekaligus keterbatasan dalam kerangka perencanaan Kota Surakarta. Dengan menyelaraskan strategi spesifik klaster dengan instrumen regulasi, penelitian ini menawarkan jalur untuk memperbaiki sprawl, meningkatkan efisiensi spasial, serta mendorong masa depan kota yang lebih kompak, tangguh, dan inklusif secara sosial.

Item Type:	Thesis (Diploma)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Densifikasi Perkotaan, K-Means Clustering, Kota Surakarta, Perbaikan Urban Sprawl, Rencana Tata Ruang, K-Means Clustering, Spatial Plans, Sprawl Retrofit, Surakarta City, Urban Densification
Subjects:	G Geography. Anthropology. Recreation > GF Human ecology. Anthropogeography > GF78 T73 Sustainable living. H Social Sciences > HD Industries. Land use. Labor > HD30.28 Planning. Business planning. Strategic planning.
Divisions:	Faculty of Civil, Planning, and Geo Engineering (CIVPLAN) > Regional & Urban Planning > 35201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Holy Regina Hartanto
Date Deposited:	01 Aug 2026 06:08
Last Modified:	01 Aug 2026 06:08
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/141389

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