Yusufi, Jasmine (2026) Akumulasi Logam Berat Timbal (Pb) Dan Barium (Ba) Pada Karang Acropora muricata Yang Ditransplantasi Pada Beton Berbasis Fly Ash-Bottom Ash Dengan konsentrasi Bervariasi. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.
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Abstract
Pemanfaatan fly ash-bottom ash (FABA) sebagai bahan campuran beton artificial reef (AR) merupakan salah satu alternatif pemanfaatan limbah industri yang mendukung pembangunan berkelanjutan. Namun, penggunaan FABA di lingkungan laut masih menimbulkan kekhawatiran terhadap potensi pelindihan logam berat yang dapat terakumulasi pada organisme laut. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis akumulasi logam berat timbal (Pb) dan barium (Ba) pada fragmen Acropora muricata yang ditransplantasikan pada beton AR berbasis FABA dengan variasi komposisi berbeda. Penelitian dilakukan selama enam bulan di perairan Pantai Pasir Putih, Situbondo, menggunakan 13 variasi komposisi beton dengan tiga ulangan. Konsentrasi Pb dan Ba pada air laut, beton, dan karang dianalisis menggunakan Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES). Data logam pada beton dianalisis menggunakan Aligned Rank Transform (ART) ANOVA, sedangkan data karang dianalisis menggunakan One-Way ANOVA untuk Ba dan uji Kruskal–Wallis untuk Pb. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi Pb pada air laut berada di bawah batas deteksi alat (not detected, ND), dengan hanya satu sampel terdeteksi sebesar 0,001 mg/L, sedangkan konsentrasi Ba meningkat dari 0,0045 mg/L menjadi 0,01075 mg/L. Konsentrasi Pb pada beton berkisar antara 0,000–0,0657 mg/L, sedangkan konsentrasi Ba berkisar antara 1,17–3,85 mg/L. Pada fragmen karang, konsentrasi Pb berkisar antara 0,004–0,012 mg/L, sedangkan konsentrasi Ba berkisar antara 0,349–0,540 mg/L. Variasi komposisi beton berbasis FABA tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap akumulasi Pb, tetapi berpengaruh signifikan terhadap akumulasi Ba pada Acropora muricata. Meskipun konsentrasi logam yang terukur relatif rendah, penelitian ini tidak mengukur respons toksik secara langsung sehingga dampak biologis dari konsentrasi logam yang terdeteksi belum dapat disimpulkan.
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The utilization of fly ash-bottom ash (FABA) as a constituent material in artificial reef (AR) concrete represents an alternative approach to industrial waste utilization that supports sustainable development. However, the application of FABA in marine environments has raised concerns regarding the potential leaching of heavy metals that may accumulate in marine organisms. This study aimed to analyze the accumulation of lead (Pb) and barium (Ba) in Acropora muricata fragments transplanted onto FABA-based AR concrete with different composition ratios. The experiment was conducted over six months in the coastal waters of Pasir Putih Beach, Situbondo, Indonesia, using 13 concrete composition treatments with three replicates each. Lead and barium concentrations in seawater, concrete, and coral samples were determined using Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES). Heavy metal data from the concrete were analyzed using Aligned Rank Transform (ART) ANOVA, while coral data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA for Ba and the Kruskal–Wallis test for Pb. The results showed that Pb concentrations in seawater remained below the instrument detection limit (not detected, ND), with only one sample detected at 0.001 mg/L, whereas Ba concentrations increased from 0.0045 mg/L to 0.01075 mg/L. Pb concentrations in the concrete ranged from 0.000 to 0.0657 mg/L, while Ba concentrations ranged from 1.17 to 3.85 mg/L. In coral fragments, Pb concentrations ranged from 0.004 to 0.012 mg/L, whereas Ba concentrations ranged from 0.349 to 0.540 mg/L. Variations in the composition of FABA-based concrete did not significantly affect Pb accumulation but significantly affected Ba accumulation in Acropora muricata. This study did not directly assess toxicological responses; therefore, the biological effects of the detected metal concentrations on coral health cannot yet be conclusively determined.
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