Optimasi Strategi Operasional Berbasis Discrete Event Simulation Pada Produktivitas Usaha Jasa Penatu (Studi Kasus: Simple Day Laundry)

Ladioktaviagusdi, Rangga Kurniawan (2026) Optimasi Strategi Operasional Berbasis Discrete Event Simulation Pada Produktivitas Usaha Jasa Penatu (Studi Kasus: Simple Day Laundry). Masters thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Industri jasa penatu di Indonesia tumbuh secara konsisten seiring meningkatnya kebutuhan layanan yang cepat, praktis, dan andal, sehingga layanan ekspres menjadi pembeda utama antarpelaku usaha. Simple Day Laundry adalah usaha jasa penatu di Sangatta, Kalimantan Timur, dengan layanan kiloan ekspres sebagai layanan utama. Data operasional Januari hingga Agustus 2025 mencatat volume layanan kiloan 50.143,70 kg, tetapi masih terdapat nota yang terlambat diselesaikan; pada Februari hingga Maret 2025 keterlambatan mencapai 53% hingga 58% meskipun tenaga kerja telah ditambah. Kondisi tersebut mengindikasikan bahwa akar permasalahan bukan semata kekurangan resource, melainkan pola kedatangan pesanan, variasi beban kerja, dan keterkaitan antarproses, sementara pengambilan keputusan operasional masih banyak bertumpu pada intuisi manajemen. Penelitian ini bertujuan memetakan proses bisnis layanan kiloan, membangun model Discrete Event Simulation (DES) yang merepresentasikan kondisi operasional aktual, menganalisis kinerja sistem berdasarkan throughput, lead time, pencapaian Service Level Agreement (SLA), dan utilisasi resource sebagai dasar identifikasi bottleneck, serta mengevaluasi kelayakan skenario perbaikan melalui pendekatan Cost-Benefit Analysis (CBA). Model dikembangkan pada AnyLogic dengan nota sebagai entitas dan berat cucian sebagai atribut, menggunakan data operasional November 2025. Simulasi dijalankan dalam 30 replikasi dan divalidasi menggunakan Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) dengan hasil 0,96% untuk throughput jumlah nota selesai dan 1,73% untuk total kilogram selesai, sehingga model dinilai representatif. Hasil simulasi kondisi as-is menunjukkan rata-rata lead time 15,85 jam, SLA 92,73%, dan delay rate 7,27%, dengan bottleneck terkonfirmasi pada proses setrika serta proses lipat dan pengemasan. Empat skenario perbaikan konfigurasi resource manual pascapencucian kemudian diuji secara operasional dan ekonomi. Skenario S1, yaitu perpanjangan waktu ketersediaan satu Staf Lipat dan Pengemasan hingga pukul 21.00, menurunkan rata-rata lead time menjadi 10,41 jam, meningkatkan SLA menjadi 98,87%, dan menurunkan nota terlambat dari 73,33 menjadi 11,33 nota dengan tambahan biaya Rp975.000 per bulan serta Benefit-Cost Ratio (BCR) tertinggi sebesar 1,50, sehingga ditetapkan sebagai rekomendasi utama. Skenario S4 menghasilkan kinerja tertinggi (lead time 6,84 jam; SLA 99,38%) dan diposisikan sebagai arah pengembangan strategis apabila pertumbuhan permintaan layanan ekspres mampu menutup tambahan biaya tenaga kerja.
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Indonesia's laundry industry has grown steadily as customers demand fast and reliable services, making express service a key differentiator. Simple Day Laundry, a laundry business in Sangatta, East Kalimantan, relies on express per-kilogram (kiloan) service as its core offering. Records from January to August 2025 show a kiloan volume of 50,143.70 kg, yet some orders were still completed late; in February and March 2025 the late-order rate reached 53% to 58% despite additional hiring. This indicated that the root cause was not merely a shortage of resources, but order arrival patterns, workload variation, and the coupling between process stages, while operational decisions still relied largely on managerial intuition. This study aims to map the kiloan business process, develop a Discrete Event Simulation (DES) model of the actual operating condition, analyze system performance in terms of throughput, lead time, Service Level Agreement (SLA) attainment, and resource utilization to identify bottlenecks, and evaluate improvement scenarios through Cost-Benefit Analysis (CBA). The model was built in AnyLogic with the order receipt (nota) as the entity and laundry weight as an attribute, using November 2025 operational data. The simulation was run in 30 replications and validated using the Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE), yielding 0.96% for completed orders and 1.73% for completed kilograms, so the model was considered representative. The as-is simulation produced an average lead time of 15.85 hours, SLA attainment of 92.73%, and a delay rate of 7.27%, with confirmed bottlenecks at the ironing and the folding and packaging processes. Four scenarios reconfiguring the manual post-washing resources were then tested operationally and economically. Scenario S1, which extends the availability of one folding and packaging staff member until 21:00, reduced the average lead time to 10.41 hours, raised SLA attainment to 98.87%, and cut late orders from 73.33 to 11.33 at an additional cost of IDR 975,000 per month with the highest Benefit-Cost Ratio (BCR) of 1.50, and was therefore set as the primary recommendation. Scenario S4 achieved the highest performance (lead time 6.84 hours; SLA 99.38%) and is positioned as the strategic direction once express demand growth can cover the additional labour cost.

Item Type:	Thesis (Masters)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Discrete Event Simulation, Cost-Benefit Analysis, express kilo laundry, SLA, throughput, lead time, bottleneck.
Subjects:	H Social Sciences > HD Industries. Land use. Labor > HD28 Management. Industrial Management
Divisions:	Interdisciplinary School of Management and Technology (SIMT) > 61101-Master of Technology Management (MMT)
Depositing User:	Rangga Kurniawan Ladioktaviagusdi
Date Deposited:	30 Jul 2026 08:23
Last Modified:	30 Jul 2026 08:23
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/141462

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