Desain Pabrik Komposit Polyurethane Berbasis Poliol Alami Dan Limbah Serbuk Kayu Untuk Aplikasi Panel Struktural Ramah Lingkungan

Alexandra, Nikyta and Nugraha, Fario Putra (2026) Desain Pabrik Komposit Polyurethane Berbasis Poliol Alami Dan Limbah Serbuk Kayu Untuk Aplikasi Panel Struktural Ramah Lingkungan. Other thesis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

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Abstract

Pertumbuhan populasi Indonesia yang terus meningkat telah mendorong tingginya permintaan akan kayu struktural, yang berkontribusi terhadap deforestasi hutan tropis Indonesia. Industri mebel Indonesia menghasilkan limbah kayu mencapai 1,4 juta m³ per tahun yang belum dimanfaatkan secara optimal. Untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut, dirancang pabrik komposit polyurethane berbasis poliol alami dan limbah serbuk kayu sebagai alternatif material panel struktural ramah lingkungan. Pabrik ini menggunakan proses one shot dengan kapasitas produksi 430.000 ton per tahun yang diproyeksikan beroperasi pada tahun 2029. Bahan baku utama yang digunakan adalah Polymeric Methylene Diphenyl Diisocyanate (PMDI), Polyether Polyol, dan Castor Oil sebagai poliol alami, dengan penambahan filler limbah serbuk kayu yang mengandung lignoselulosa untuk meningkatkan sifat mekanis produk. Proses produksi meliputi tahap penyimpanan bahan baku, pengeringan serbuk kayu, pencampuran bahan dalam mixer, reaksi polimerisasi dalam reaktor batch pada suhu 85-100°C dan tekanan atmosfer, pencetakan dan curing selama beberapa jam hingga lebih dari satu hari, serta tahap cutting dan coating untuk menghasilkan produk akhir. Berdasarkan analisis multifaktor meliputi ketersediaan bahan baku, lokasi pemasaran, tenaga kerja, harga tanah, akses transportasi, regulasi, kondisi geografis, dan ketersediaan utilitas, lokasi optimal pabrik ditetapkan di Kawasan Industri Krakatau Industrial Estate Cilegon (KIEC), Banten. Pemilihan lokasi ini didasarkan pada kedekatan dengan industri kimia nasional, kemudahan akses ke Pelabuhan Bojonegara dan Merak untuk impor PMDI, ketersediaan Polyether Polyol dari PT BASF Indonesia Cilegon, serta dukungan infrastruktur utilitas yang lengkap dan stabil. Pendirian pabrik ini diharapkan dapat mengurangi ketergantungan terhadap kayu mentah struktural, memberikan nilai tambah pada limbah industri perkayuan, serta mendukung program pelestarian hutan dan pembangunan berkelanjutan di Indonesia.
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The continuous growth of Indonesia's population has driven high demand for structural wood, contributing to the deforestation of Indonesia's tropical forests. The Indonesian furniture industry generates wood waste reaching 1.4 million m³ per year that has not been optimally utilized. To address these issues, a polyurethane composite plant based on natural polyol and wood waste powder is designed as an environmentally friendly alternative for structural panel materials. This plant uses a one-shot process with a production capacity of 430,000 tons per year, projected to operate in 2029. The main raw materials used are Polymeric Methylene Diphenyl Diisocyanate (PMDI), Polyether Polyol, and Castor Oil as natural polyol, with the addition of wood waste powder filler containing lignocellulose to enhance the mechanical properties of the product. The production process includes raw material storage, wood powder drying, material mixing in a mixer, polymerization reaction in a batch reactor at 85-100°C and atmospheric pressure, molding and curing for several hours to more than one day, as well as cutting and coating stages to produce the final product. Based on multi-factor analysis including raw material availability, market location, labor force, land prices, transportation access, regulations, geographical conditions, and utility availability, the optimal plant location is determined at Krakatau Industrial Estate Cilegon (KIEC), Banten. This location selection is based on proximity to the national chemical industry, easy access to Bojonegara and Merak Ports for PMDI imports, availability of Polyether Polyol from PT BASF Indonesia Cilegon, and comprehensive and stable utility infrastructure support. The establishment of this plant is expected to reduce dependence on raw structural wood, provide added value to wood industry waste, and support forest conservation programs and sustainable development in Indonesia.

Item Type:	Thesis (Other)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	deforestasi, komposit polyurethane, limbah serbuk kayu, panel struktural, poliol alami, ramah lingkungan, deforestation, environmentally friendly, natural polyol, polyurethane composite, structural panel, wood waste powder
Subjects:	T Technology > T Technology (General) T Technology > T Technology (General) > TA404 Materials--Biodegradation
Divisions:	Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering (INDSYS) > Chemical Engineering > 24201-(S1) Undergraduate Thesis
Depositing User:	Fario Putra Nugraha
Date Deposited:	31 Jul 2026 02:56
Last Modified:	31 Jul 2026 02:56
URI:	http://repository.its.ac.id/id/eprint/141653

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